ARCI - Characterization

3 channel Potentiostat/Galvanostat with RRDE

Model and Make

VSP, Biologic Science Instruments

Specifications

Current range: 10 ÂµA up to 0.4A (760 pA resolution)
20 V adjustable reference voltage
Resolution: 300 ÂµV programmable down to 5 ÂµV by adjusting the dynamic range
Acquisition time: 200 Âµs
Simultaneous EIS measurement

Details

The VSP provided with three channels is supplied with EC-Lab software package. The VSP chassis is designed to receive +/-10 A current booster option. The VSP can be outfitted with potentiostats capable of performing Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS).The frequency range is from 10 ÂµHz to 1 MHz. Over 70 techniques can be sequenced, and with a variety of analysis tools, including EIS modeling with Levenberg Marcquardt and Simplex algorithms. Suitable for most electrochemical studies including corrosion studies, battery testing and intercalation compounds study.

3 channel potentiostat/ Galvanostat with RRDE

Ac/Dc Soft/Hard B-H Loop Tracer

Model & Make

AMH-20K-HS, Laboratorio Elettrofisico Engineering srl., Italy

Specifications

Frequency range DC to 20 kHz,
Embedded coil set up to measure properties of irregular hard magnetic samples
High temperature set up to measure properties up to 200^oC.
Simultaneous measurement of core loss, coercivity, permeability & saturation induction.

Details

Used for measuring engineering magnetic parameters like induction, core loss, coercivity, permeability both in AC and DC conditions

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Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Ac/Dc Soft/Hard B-H Loop Tracer

Accelerated Rate Calorimeter (ARC)

Model and Make:

ARC BTC 500 & Hazards Evaluations Labs (HEL), UK

Specifications

Chamber size - 1 x 1 x 1 m
Chamber make – Stainless steel body of 20 mm thick
Complete Adiabatic controlled chamber
Withstanding pressure range – 2 to 5 bar
Temperature measurement – Direct sample contact
Exotherm sensitivity – 0.005 to 0.02 ^°C/min
No of heaters and temperature sensors – 6 numbers
Temperature range of tracking – 500 ^°C
Infra-red camera for thermal imaging
Nail penetration apparatus is attached
Gas sampling can be done
Cooling coil permits to carry low temperature testing

Details

Determination of thermal runaway “onset” temperature (Heat-Wait-Search)
Determination of maximum safe discharge current leading to thermal runaway
Determination of maximum over-voltage, leading to thermal runaway
Nail penetration
Short simulation
Specific heat capacity of cells/battery

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Accelerated Rate Calorimeter (ARC)

Accelerated surface area pore analyser

Model & Make

ASAP2020; Micromeritics, USA

Specifications

Consists of two ports , one for vacuum and One for analysis with three transducers in the range 0-1,1-10 and 10-1000 mm of Hg, capable of measuring single and multi-point surface area, Adsorption-desorption isotherms, Micropore, Size distribution, meso and macro pore area, total pore volume, physisorption and chemisorption from room temperature to 450^oC, standard software for automated operation

Details

The instrument is capable of measuring the surface area and pore size distribution from 3Ao to 5000Ao with the help of various analysis gases like N₂, Ar, CO₂,O₂,Kr, Co and any non-corrosive Gases.

Centre

Centre for Fuel Cell Technology

Accelerated surface area pore analyser

Additive Manufacturing - Electron Beam Melting

Specifications

Electron Beam Power: 3000 W
Build volume: 200mm x 200mm x 380mm (W x D x H)
Cathode type Tungsten filament
Max. EB translation speed 8,000 m/s
High process temperatures: upto 1100⁰C
Vacuum Process
Open software for process development
Lower residual stresses

Applications:

Reactive and refractory alloys such as Ti alloys, TiAl, C103 etc
Ideal for orthopedic implants
Mesoporous structure
Components with complex designs
Aerospace components

Arc Melting Unit

Model & Make

AM 133, Vacuum Systems & Technology, Israel

Specifications

Melting capacity of up to 500 grams
High frequency arc starter
Programmed inert atmosphere control maintaining constant pressure
Programmable power and pressure control
Temperature: over 3400 ⁰C

Details

Used for melting of alloys

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Arc Melting Unit

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)

Model and Make

Park XE7 (Direct On-Axis Manual Focus Optics)

Specifications

XY Sample stage : 13 mm x 13 mm
Scan Range in XY : 50 µm (max)
Scan Range in Z : 12 µm (max)
Options : Non Contact, Contact, Dynamic Contact, Phase Imaging. Heater Stage and Lithographic.

Details

The atomic force microscope (AFM) is extensively used in material science and biological sciences. Characterization of sol-gel thin film surface morphology in sub-micron scale is necessary to evaluate their function properties in a wide variety of applications. It has been known that sub-micron and nanoscale properties control various aspects of functional performance. For example, enhanced transmittance in borosilicate glass (BSG, 91%) over soda lime glass (SLG, 89%) is due to sub-nanometer surface morphology of BSG. This may occur due to its different chemical composition though the refractive indices are comparable.

Attenuated Total reflectance (ATR) facility

Model and Make:

Bruker, VERTEX 70v vacuum FTIR, USA

Specifications

spectral range = 50 to 6000 cm^-1
ambient = ultrahigh vacuum
mode = reflection and transmission
Spectral = resolution 0.4 cm^-1

Details

The instrument is useful for identification of functional groups in the sample and also with quantitative estimation.

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Attenuated Total reflectance (ATR) facility

Battery Life Cycle Tester (2 Channels)

Model & Make

Bitrode, USA

Specifications

No of channels: 2
Current: 50 A per channel
Voltage: 80 V per channel

Details

Used for measuring life cycle of battery pack.

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Battery Life Cycle Tester (8 Channels)

Model & Make

Bitrode, USA

Specifications

No of channels: 8
Current: 100 A per channel
Voltage: 60 V per channel

Details

Used for measuring life cycle of battery pack.

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Battery Test Equipment

Model & Make

BT-2000, Arbin Instruments

Specifications

Serial No: 166347
Dimensions (W xL xH, inch): 14 x30 x25
Channels: 20 Nos.
Current range:
Low: -100 ÂµA ~ 100 ÂµA
Medium: -0.0005A ~ 0.0005A
High: -0.005A ~0.005A
Voltage Range: 0 V ~ 10 V
Maximum Power: 0.05 W

Details

Arbin Instruments BT-2000 is a multi-channel testing system designed for R& D and production of batteries and other electrochemical energy storage devices. Each channel operates independently of each other enabling users to run tests on multiple batteries at the same time.

The features of Arbin Instruments BT-2000 are (i) completely independent channels allow users to run multiple independent tests simultaneously without affecting the other channels, (ii) accuracy up to 0.02% for low power and 0.05% for high power applications, (iii) Potentiostatic/Galvanostatic stations fine-tuned for battery Research & Development, and (iv) Up to three current ranges per station available for improved accuracy over a wide range of testing conditions.

Centre

Centre for Nanomaterials

Battery Test Equipment

Battery Testing Equipment (2 nos)

Model & Make

Arbin BT 2000, USA

Specifications

Number of Channels: 32
Current Range: 100 ÂµA to 5 A
Voltage: 0-10 V
Temperature: -200 to 400 0C

Details

To measure voltage, capacity, cycle life, cycle stability, columbic efficiency of Lithium ion cells

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Battery Testing Equipment

BET Surface Analyzer

Model & Make

(11-2370)Gemini, Micromeritics, USA

Specifications

Surface area determination limits : 0.1 m² to >300 m²
Sample quantity : Sample capacity is approximately 2.0 cm³
Temperature : 10 to 350^oC operating, 0 to 50^oC non-operating
Humidity : 20 to 80 % relative, non-condensing
Gases : Optimized for nitrogen in a liquid nitrogen sample bath. Typically, oxygen, argon, butane, Methane and other light hydrocarbons.

Details

Surface area and porosity are important characteristics, capable of affecting the quality and utility of many materials. For this reason it is important to determine and control them accurately. BET theory of physical adsorption to form a monolayer of gas molecules on a solid surface is the basis for measurement of the specific surface area. The salient features are low surface area measurement capability up to 0.01 m2/gm with nitrogen, measurement of pore volume < 4.0 to 10-6cc/gm and higher, automatic free space correction unique twin tube design, data capability of single and multi point BET surface area.

Centre

Centre for Nanomaterials

Break Down Voltage Tester (DC and AC)

Model & Make

Custom made

Specifications

Voltage rating for AC: 0-10kVÂ±0.02
Current rating for AC: 0-100mÂ±0.02
Voltage rating for DC: 0-5kVÂ±0.02
Current rating for DC: 0-50mÂ±0.02

Details

The system can be used to measure the resistivity of the materials by changing current and voltage.

Centre

Centre for Nanomaterials

C-S Analyzer

Model & Make

CS - 444, LECO, USA

Specifications

HF-400 induction furnace (18 MHz, 2,2 kW) for CO₂/SO₂ conversion
Measured carbon in the range 0 to 0.5 %,
Measures sulphur in the range 0 to 0.35 %

Details

Carbon/Sulphur system is a microprocessor based software driven instrument for wide range measurement of Carbon and Sulphur content of metals, ores, ceramics and other inorganic materials. It uses HF-400 induction furnace (18 MHz, 2,2 kW) for CO₂/SO₂ conversion. It works on the principle of infrared absorption of CO₂ and SO₂.

Centre

Centre for Nanomaterials

Calendering Machine

Model & Make

IMC, USA

Specifications

Compressed Air: 6 bar
Line speed : 0 - 5 m/min
Hydraulic Press Load: 0-1034 bar
Rewind and Unwind Tension: 0.1-5 kg
Nip gap adjustment: 1m
Pre-heat Temperature : 20-150^o C

Details

To prepare compact and high density electrodes thereby maximizing the cell capacity and rate performance

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Calendering Machine

Calo Tester

Model & Make

PLATIT

Details

Calo tester is used for making calo's of known diameter especially used for measuring thickness of any thin film. The Calo tester uses ball grinding mechanism employing a known diameter steel ball for making a calo on the test sample surface. The minimum thickness that can be measured depends on the dimensions of the ball used. The calo generated from the tester is then monitored using an optical microscope connected to a computer having software (based on simple trigonometry principles) for thickness calculation.

Centre

Centre for Engineered Coatings

Calo Tester

Capillary Flow Porometry

Model & Make

Porolux 1000; Porometer, Belgium

Specifications

Operates with pressure transducers upto 35 bar
Minimum pore size measurements: down to 18 nm.
LabVIEW software

Details

Capillary flow Porometry is based on the displacement of a wetting liquid inside a porous network by means of an inert gas flow. With Porometry through pores inside a sample are characterised. Through pores are open on both sides of a filter or a membrane and therefore determine the functionality. The important parameters such as largest pores, the mean flow pore size and smallest pores of the sample can be determined.

Centre

Centre for Fuel Cell Technology

Capillary flow porometry

Carbon-Sulphur Analyzer

Model and Make

CS - 444, LECO, USA

Specifications

HF-400 induction furnace (18 MHz, 2,2 kW) for CO2/SO2 conversion
Measured carbon in the range 0 to 0.5 %,
Measures sulphur in the range 0 to 0.35 %

Details

Carbon/Sulphur system is a microprocessor based software driven instrument for wide range measurement of Carbon and Sulphur content of metals, ores, ceramics and other inorganic materials. It uses HF-400 induction furnace (18 MHz, 2,2 kW) for CO2/SO2 conversion. It works on the principle of infrared absorption of CO2 and SO2.

Carbon-Sulphur Analyzer

Coercimeter

Model & Make

CR-02; Laboratorio Elettrofisico Engineering srl., Italy

Specifications

Measurable coercivity range 0.012 to 125 Oe,
Can measure coercivity of irregular samples
Maximum field resolution 1x10-3 Oe.
Measuring accuracy Â±1%

Details

Used for measuring coercivity of soft magnetic materials

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Coercimeter

Confocal Micro-Raman Spectrometer with Mapping Facility

Make

Witec

Model

WITec UHTS 600

Specifications

Laser Sources: 532 nm and 633 nm
Raman spectral imaging: acquisition of a complete Raman spectra at every image pixel
Planar (x-y-direction) and depth scans (z-direction) with manual sample positioning
Image stacks: 3D confocal Raman imaging

Details

The Confocal Raman Microscope contains a compact and flexible platform optimized for high-end spectroscopy applications and confocal Raman imaging consisting of a research grade optical microscope with 6x objective turret, video CCD camera, LED white-light source for Köhler illumination, manual sample positioning in x- and y-direction and fibre coupling.

Centre

Centre for Nanomaterials

Confocal Micro-Raman Spectrometer with Mapping Facility

Contact Angle Measurement Unit

Model and Make

DSA25 with temperature-controlled chamber, KRUSS, Germany

Specifications

Zoom – 6.5 x, Manual
Camera performance – 2000 fps at 90 x 60 px
Dosing – Software Controlled
Resolution – 0.1 µL with Glass syringe
Tilting - External, 0-90°
Temperature controlled chamber (-10 to 130 °C)

Details

Contact angle measurement gives an idea about the wetting ability of a material. The material can be metallic, non-metallic, coated or surface treated. Measured volume of a drop of liquid (in most cases, distilled water) is placed over the surface and the wetting ability is recorded by measuring the angle subtended by the drop on the surface of the material. This gives an idea about, the material, whether it is hydrophilic or hydrophobic in nature. Surface free energy of the solid can also be determined by making use of the contact angle measurements.

Corrosion Testing Facility

A. Cycling Corrosion Cabinet

Model &Make

CCX 2000, Atlas Material Testing Solutions, USA

Specifications

Details

To better understand the potential for adverse effects of outdoor exposure, materials are regularly tested to various environmental conditions. The cyclic corrosion cabinet is now accepted as superior at duplicating actual environments. It improves repeatability, reduces time spent in handling samples and also operator error by creating different environments in one cabinet. Standard exposure cycles like salt or chemical fog, water fog, salt spray, dry-off cycle, high temperatures i.e. up to 70^oC can be increased for required time from hours to number of days which are closer to environmental changes.

Salient features-Materials of different sizes and shapes can be tested under various environmental conditions by using various standard methods like ASTM B117, ASTM G85 A5, CCT I, CCT IV, SAE J2334 and GM9540B.

B. Electrochemical Corrosion Testing Equipment

The electrochemical testing system consists of two units. Electrochemical interface and impedance/gain-phase analyzer along with softwares corroware and Z plot

a) Electrochemical Interface

Model & Make

SI1287-Solartron, U.K

Details

The corrosion is an electrochemical process and electrochemical potential is the driving force for reactions. The principle employed in the electrochemical interface is based on the application of a controlled voltage to a sample (working electrode) and measurement of the change in current, or vice versa. The corrosion rates of the specimens can be determined using CorrWare programme. Most of the corrosion types uniform, localized, galvanic, dealloying; stress corrosion and hydrogen-induced failure can be analyzed by this technique. Conventional electrochemical experiments like static, dynamic polarization, potentiostatic, potentiodynamic experiments etc. can be done. This system is extensively used to study the corrosion properties of coated substrates. Based on the results, further improvement of coatings has been done. Different types of coatings like DLC on Al alloys, MAO coatings on Al, Coating on steels and Al alloys by Sol-Gel technique, materials like Mg-Zn, steels, alloys have been analyzed. The system can also be used to study batteries, fuel cells, inhibitors, electroplating and catalytic properties etc.

b) Impedance/Gain-Phase Analyzer for EIS

Model & Make

SI1260-Solartron, U.K

Specifications

Frequency range 10 ÂµHz to 32 MHz with 10 ÂµHz resolution.

Details

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy is a powerful technique, which can provide lot of information on corrosion reactions, mass and charge transport, the characteristics of material and coating in different electrolytes. An electrode interface undergoing an electrochemical reaction is typically analogous to an electronic circuit consisting of a specific combination of resistors and capacitors. This is used to characterize the electrochemical system in terms of its equivalent circuit. The system is widely used in characterization of materials, batteries, and coatings and to illustrate their corrosion mechanism. It is also used for investigating mechanisms in electrodeposition, electrodissolution, passivity and corrosion studies.

Centre

Centre for Material Characterization and Testing

Corrosion Testing Facility

Electrochemical Corrosion Testing Equipment

Cross Hatch Adhesion Tester

Model and Make

Elcometer 107, ELCOMETER, USA

Specifications

Cutter type - 6 x 1 mm
Coating thickness - 0 to 60 µm / 0- 2.4 mils
Adhesive tape - ASTM standard [ASTM D3359]

Details

Cross hatch adhesion test, or simply, tape test in one of the standard tests to rate the adhesion of coating on a material. Lattice pattern of cut is generated by the cutter by creating parallel lines and repeating the step at 90° to the first cut. A small portion of the tape is pasted on this pattern and removed in one-stroke at 180° to the sample. Detachment of the coating and presence of flakes in the tape, refers to poor quality of the coating. Absence of any, confirms to good quality of coating.

Dehumidified Rooms

Model & Make

Harris, USA

Wall and Ceiling Panels : Cam-lock type (urethane insulated Panels with GI Finish)
Temperature inside : 23 Â±2^oC

Room No. 1

Application : Fabrication of large lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrodes
Relative Humidity : 30%
Max no of people working: 4

Room No. 2

Application : Fabrication of large lithium-ion battery (LIB) cells
Relative Humidity : 0.5%
Max no of people working : 6
Dew point : -40^oC; burst: -60^oC

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Dielectric Property Measuring System

Model & Make

E 8362 C, Agilent Technologies

Specifications

A network analyzer connected to 2 port, 4 receivers
Measure the di-electric constant and loss with high precision
Dielectric properties measured through wave guide technique
It can measure dielectric constant within the frequency range of 8.5 to 18 GHZ

Details

Dielectric loss can be measured from 0.0001 and above . Measurement is very fast and highly accurate

Centre

Centre for Advanced Ceramic Materials

Digital Multimeter

Model & Make

U1252A, Agilent

Specifications

50,000 Count dual display
LED with backlight
Up to 0.025% basic DCV Accuracy
True RMS Measurement
J & K-Type temperature measurements
Internal logging memory: 200 points
Optional USB connectivity to PC
20 MHz Frequency counter
Programmable square wave generator

Details

Used as a regular test and measuring instrument

Centre

Electronics and Instrumentation

Dilatometer

Model& Make

DIL 402 C, Netzsch, Germany

Specifications

Temperature range : RT to 1450^oC
Heating Rate : 5-10^oC/min
Atmosphere : Inert/Air
Samples holder : Alumina/Quartz
Sample type : ceramic/metallic/non metallic
Sample size : 6 mm dia x 25 mm length
Measurements : Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), Phase transformation and sintering profiles

Details

Used for measuring thermal expansion

Centre

Centre for Ceramic Processing

Dilatometer

Dry Abrasion Tester

Measures abrasive wear of coatings, bulk materials
Dust confinement and waste handling
Auto shut off after preset revolutions
Wide stress range (10-100 N)

Dry Abrasion Tester

Dual Channel Arbitrary/Function Generator

Model & Make

AFG3102, Tektronix

Specifications

100 MHz Sine Waveforms
1 GS/s Arbitrary Waveforms
Amplitude 10 Vp-p into 50 O Loads
Multilanguage and Intuitive Operation Saves Setup Time
Pulse Waveform with Variable Edge Times
AM, FM, PM, FSK, PWM
Sweep and Burst
USB Connector on Front Panel for Waveform Storage on Memory Device
USB, GPIB, and LAN

Details

Used for testing and troubleshooting electronic circuits and simulating signals from different devices

Centre

Electronics and Instrumentation

Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer

Model & Make

Q 800; TA Instruments, USA

Specifications

Temperature: -150-600^oC
Frequency: 0.0001 to 200 Hz
Force range:0.0001 to 18N

Details

The instrument is useful for measuring the stress-strain measurement, glass transition temperature measurements, tan? etc. for samples with low stiffness. Measurements with respect to controlled temperature, humidity and under submersion conditions are also possible.

Centre

Centre for Fuel Cell Technology

Dynamic mechanical analyser

Elastic Property Testing Machine

Model & Make

5.9, Buzz-O-Sonic, USA

Specifications

Complete frequency spectrum in the range of 2 Hz to 50 KHz.
Instantaneous measurement of resonant frequencyand damping co-efficient in addition to elastic properties
The associated software has feasibility in entering data in any units of choice
It is possible to store transmitted the digitized signal from tested object

Details

The equipment can measure Young's modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson's ratio. Capable of measuring elastic properties of dense as well as porous materials.

Centre

Centre for Advanced Ceramic Materials

Electrochemical Analyzer

Model & Make

PARSTAT 4000 A, AMETEK

Specifications

Maximum current output: ± 4A
Maximum voltage output: ± 10V
Frequency range: 10 µHz to 10 MHz
Voltage sweep rate: 1mV/s to 25 kV/s

Details

The electrochemical analyzer with a wide current and potential window is used for electrochemical processing and characterization of samples and devices by various modes such as:

Voltammetry – Linear scan voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, staircase voltammetry, chronoamperometry, differential pulse voltammetry, etc.
Corrosion – Linear polarization resistance (LPR), Potentiodynamic and potentiostatic, Galanodynamic and Galvanostatic corrosion, Tafel plot, etc.
Impedance – Pontentiostatic and Galvanostatic EIS, Mott-Schottky analysis, etc.
Energy – Charge-discharge analysis, Cycle stability, etc.

Centre

Centre for Nanomaterials

Electrochemical Galvanostat, Potentiostat, Frequency Response Analyzer

Details

Electrochemical system comprising Potentiostat, Galvanostat and frequency response analyzer is for characterization of fuel cell catalyst, fuel cell electrode , Fuel cell membrane and electrode assembly using the techniques-cyclic, pulse, AC voltammetry, chrono-amperometry/coulometry/potentiometry. The unit also has an accessory RDE to perform electrochemical hydrodynamic and impedance studies. The FRA is in low the low frequency range and suitable for low resistance materials.

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Centre for Fuel Cell Technology

Electrochemical Workstation

Model

Model: AUTM204. S. The Multi Autolab is a multi-channel potentiostat/galvanostat based on the compact Autolab PGSTAT204. It consists of a Multi Autolab Cabinet which can be fitted with up to 12 M204 modules.

Make:

Autolab

Year:

2023

Purpose

Electrochemistry and corrosion

Autolab

Electrode Coating Machine

Model & Make

MEGTEC, USA

Specifications

Method : Continuous and skip coating on two sides
Coating line speed : 0.1 - 5 m/min
Dryer temperature: 20 -150 ^o C
Dryer Air velocity : 5-20 m/sec
Maximum Coating Width : 200 mm
Maximum coating thickness : 300 micron

Details

To prepare Lithium Ion Battery electrodes by coating the slurry materials over thin foils (Cu-anode, Al-cathode)

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Electrode Coating Machine

Electrolyte conductivity meter

Model & Make

Metrohm

Specifications:
Conductivity range: 1 μS per cm to 50 mS per cm
Resolution: 0.11 μS per cm
Accuracy: 0.5%
Resistance: 2 Ω to 100 MΩ
Accuracy 0.5 percentage of the value or better
Temperature: 0 to 100.0 degree C
Resolution: + 0.5 degree C
Accuracy: + 1 degree C

Details The electrolyte conductivity meter is capable of measuring conductivity, resistance and pH of any electrolytes. It can also measure the pH of any solvents.

Electrolyte conductivity meter

Electrolyte Filling Machine

Model & Make

HIBAR, Canada

Specifications

Dosage : Metered Pump
Quantity of Electrolyte: 1-260 mL adjustable
Vacuum release : By Nitrogen/Argon

Details

To fill the calculated amount of electrolyte into the cell by vacuum filling method (both pre metered and direct filling)

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Electrolite-Filling-Machine

Electrolyte pH/Conductometer

Model & Make

Metrohm, Switzerland

Specifications

pH: 0-14
Ionic conductivity: 1 µS/cm -50 mS/cm

Details

Determination of pH and ionic conductivity of electrolytes and solutions

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Electrolyte pH/Conductometer

Environmental Chamber

Model & Make

WK^-3-180/70; Weiss Umwelttechnik GmBH

Specifications

Temperature: -70 to 180^oC
Relative humidity: 10 to 98%

Details

Environmental chamber is equipped with an integrated industrial computer system to facilitate operation, monitoring and documentation of a reliability test for new materials and devices. Temperature and relative humidity can be precisely controlled throughout the large work space of the chamber. See through window and ports allow in-situ monitoring of the system during the test. System can continuously run over a period of time to access the reliability of photovoltaic modules under IEC 61646 test conditions.

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Centre for Solar Energy Materials

Environmental Chamber

Model & Make

VCS7027-10; Votsch, Germany

Specifications

Two chambers viz., a climatic test cabinet and an air supply unit.
Test space volume in the climatic test cabinet : around 1300 ltrs,
Operatable temperature range: -40^oC to +75^oC
Humidity range: 10% to 95% RH
Dew point range: -3^oC to +74^oC
Air flow in the Air supply unit: 2500 lpm in the set temperature range -40C to 50C in the humidity range 20 to 95% RH with dew point range 4C to 49C.

Details

The safety features include a flame detector, hydrogen sensor, emergency stop, auto lock etc., and monitoring sensors for oxygen, humidity and temperature. Air supply and humidity to this unit is through a dedicated screw compressor, chiller and a refrigeration unit. The units are controlled and monitored using SIMCON software which gives both digital display as well graphical representation of the data set and actual value with inbuilt memory and integrated programme generator.

Centre

Centre for Fuel Cell Technology

Environmental chamber

Erosion Wear Test Rig

Fatigue testing Machine

1.Servo Electric Low Cycle Fatigue machine

Make

ITW India Private Limited - BISS Division, Bengaluru, India

Model

AC-01-0010

Features

As per ASTM 606
Capacity: 100 kN
Frequency: 0.01 to 2 Hz
Modes: stroke, load and strain control modes
Temperature: up to 1000 0C on M8, M10 and M12 samples

2. Servo Hydraulic High Cycle Fatigue machine

Make

ITW India Private Limited - BISS Division, Bengaluru, India

Model

AC-01-0010

Features

As per ASTM E466
Capacity: 100 kN
Frequency: 1 to 100 Hz
Modes: stroke, load and strain control modes
Temperature: up to 1000 0C on M8, M10 and M12 samples
Tensile test as per ASTM E8M
FCGR test (da/dN) as per ASTM E 647
J1c test as per ASTM E1820
K1c test as per ASTM E399

Servo Electric Low Cycle Fatigue machine

Servo Hydraulic High Cycle Fatigue machine

Fluxmeter

Model & Make

Digital Flux ; Laboratorio Elettrofisico Engineering srl, Italy

Specifications

Capable of 7 different measurement ranges (1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 & 100) ÂµWb
Measurement accuracy Â±0.5%
Frequency response DC to 1 kHz.
With a drift stability of < 1 digit/minute.

Details

Instrument used for measuring magnetic flux

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Fluxmeter

Formation Cycler

Model & Make

Arbin, USA

Specifications

No of channels: 32
Current: 5 A per channel
Voltage: 10 V per channel

Details

To measure voltage, capacity, temperature, cycle life of lithium-ion cells.

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Four Probe Conductivity

Model and Make

RM300, JANDEL, United Kingdom

Specifications

Measurement range - 1 mohm/square to 500 Megohms/square
Current - 10nA to 99.99mA, 0.3% across range
Correction - Forward and Reversible current
X-Y travel - 25 mm x 25mm
Maximum sample area - 10" x 10" x 6" inches
Sheet resistance measurement and Volume (Bulk) resistivity

Details

Four probe conductivity measurement gives the in-plane conductivity by the way of sheet resistance and in some cases, volumetric (bulk) resistivity of the samples. Difference in the sheet resistance of bare and coated samples, gives an estimate about the in-plane conductivity of the coating alone. Constant current is applied automatically, through two outer probes and the voltage developed with the other two probes is measured. The direction of the current flow can be reversed. The surface of the sample should be flat, for accurate measurements.

Four Probe Measurement System

Model & Make

Loresta GP; Mitsubishi Chemical Analytech Co.,Ltd, Japan

Specifications

Measurement range = 10^-6 to 107 with 4-digital accuracy
Measurement accuracy = Â± 0.5% (Â±3digits)
Measurement sample size = Min diameter: 5mm and Max diameter: 300mm
Sample Type: nano to micron size films and bulk materials ( smooth or rough)

Details

The 4-pin probe method ensures precision sheet resistance and conductivity measurements from nano to micron level thin films and bulk resistivity of materials. It is widely applied in solar PV, Electronics, solar thermal and conductive materials (paint, paste, plastics, rubber, films, fiber, ceramics, etc) employed in various fields

Centre

Centre for Solar Energy Materials

Figure 6. Four Probe

Freeze Dryer

Model & Make

Telstar, Spain

Specifications

Could be used for both aqueous and non-aqueous solvents
Ice condenser capacity: 5kg in 24h
Final condenser temperature: < - 55 oC
Chamber: Cylindrical methacrylate chamber 220 mm diam, with 3 unheated shelves (for raw material)
8-Port branch manifold, each with 3-way rubber 3-way valves, for Flask

Details

To dry samples under freezing and sublimation condition so that it can be stored effectively for years; prevents agglomeration of particles

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Freeze Dryer

FTIR Spectrophotometer

Model & Make

Vertex 70; Bruker Optik GmbH, Germany

Specifications

Measurement range: 400-4000 cm-1 (2.5 -25 µm)
Spectral resolution = 0.4 cm^-1
Sample size for solid: minimum 50 to 100 mm maximum (Square)
Sample size for thermal emissivity: 13 mm OD and 1 to 5 mm thickness
Sample Type: Solids (bulk material and powder), liquids and thin films

Details

The equipment enables optical and thermal emittance characteristics (Transmittance, spectral emittance and thermal emissivity) of solar absorber materials and coatings especially employed in the field of solar thermal applications. Also, it enables all the basic characterisations of chemical compounds in the form of solids, liquids and low temperature crystalline in the IR region. It is widely applied in solar thermal, Solar PV and chemical analysis.

Accessories

Integrating sphere (To determine the spectral emittance of opaque thin films)
High pressure cell with Blackbody attached to temperature controllers (To determine the radiative emission of thin films at temperatures from 100 °C to 800 °C)
Transmittance mode (To determine the functional groups in a thin film or pellet)

Centre

Centre for Solar Energy Materials

Figure 2. FT-IR spectrophotometer attached with high pressure cell & Blackbody

Fuel Cell Impedance Measurement System

Model and Make

Kikusui KFM 2150 system 5000 Multifunctional electronic load- 5kW
Multichannel FC scanner- KFM 2151

Specifications

Multifunctional electronic load- 1.5V-150V/1000A/5000W
Impedance analyzer 10mHz to 20kHz

Details

Used to study impedance of a large PEMFC stack ( upto 5kW capacity). Scanner is capable of performing impedance analysis on each cell. It is helpful for giving real time information about internal cell behaviour and for identifying failures during operation of the fuel cell system.

Fuel cell impedance measurement system

Fuel Cell Test Benches

Details

In order to evaluate the fuel cell performance at different conditions of flow, pressure, humidity and temperature fuel cell test benches are used. Several fuel cell test benches for single cell testing, short stack testing and large stack testing have been installed. Some of this are automated with data logging facility. A fuel cell test bench consists of gas flow controllers for each gas, humidification bottles for humidifying the gases, temperature controllers for controlling the temperate of the humidification bottles as well as to heat the single cells, back pressure regulators to facilitate operating the cells at a particular pressure of the reactant gases and an electronic load box which can operate at high current (0-150 amps DC) and at low voltage (~0.1V DC). The fuel cell test benches are used to evaluate the single cell performance (current Vs Voltage at different operating conditions). These data are used to optimize/improve the electrode composition & electrode fabrication processes, to find the catalyst efficacy, to determine the membrane performance (when different membranes are used), in scaling-up the electrode area etc. The system has safety features with hydrogen sensors for hydrogen leak, low voltage, high pressure, low flow etc.

Centre

Centre for Fuel Cell Technology

Function/Arbitrary waveform Generator

Model & Make

33120A, Hewlett Packard

Specifications

15 MHz sine & square waveforms Ramp, triangle, noise & DC waveforms
12-bit, 40 MSa/s, 16,000 points arbitrary waveforms
AM (int/ext), FM (int), FSK (internal/external), burst (int/extl)
Linear & logarithmic sweeps and burst operation
IntuiLink software plus GPIB & RS-232 interfaces included
Option 001 provides improved stability & a multiple-unit link

Details

Used for testing and troubleshooting electronic circuits and simulating signals from different devices

Centre

Electronics and Instrumentation

Furnace with Hot Face Replacement

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D Printer (Laboratory Model)

Model & Make

Epsilon W50, BCN3D

Major technical specifications

3D printing technique : Fused deposition modelling (FDM)
Print volume : 420 × 300 × 400mm3 (max.)
Number of extruder : 2 Nos
Printing mode : Single mode / duplication mode/ mirror mode
Nozzle : Brass nozzle [0.4 mm, (default) | 0.6mm | 0.8mm | 1.0mm]

Technical details

This laboratory scale FDM 3D printer is suitable for green forming complex shape oxide and non-oxide ceramic parts using filament-based feedstock. The process involves layer by layer deposition of the extruded filaments through a nozzle above thesoftening point of filament followed by solidification. The parts formed through FDM 3D printing are subjected to de-binding and sintering to obtain the final parts.

Centre

Centre for Non-oxide Ceramics

Gas Chromatograph

Model & Make

Trace GC Ultra; Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA

Specifications

Facility is integrated with a methanator for detection and evaluation of trace amounts of CO and CO₂ gases present in the reactant/ product stream of gases

Details

Gas chromatograph with TCD, FID and FPD detectors is used to analyse the exhaust gas from the fuel cell especially, when the fuel cell is operated with methanol and reformate gas.

Centre

Centre for Fuel Cell Technology

Gas Chromatograph

Gurley Permeameter

Specifications

Equipment suitable for air resistance 0 to 3 secs in the permeability range of 1 to 400 ft3/min/ft2 at a pressure drop 0.5" H₂O column in the flow range of 0-400CFM.

Details

A gas permeability meter is used for the qualitative and quantitative measurements of the high permeability paper like substances such as the fuel cell electrodes at various stages.

Centre

Centre for Fuel Cell Technology

Handheld Reflectometer and Emissometer

Model & Make

410- Solar Visible, ET 100; Surface Optics Corporation

Specifications

Measurement option: Total reflectance in the UV-VIS-IR spectral range and calculates solar absorptance (AM1.0/1.5) and thermal emissivity.
Application: Lab and field studies

Details

The 410-Solar is a battery-operated portable reflectometer, the ideal tool for measuring the solar reflectance, solar absorptance measurements and mirror assessment. Based on a modified integrating sphere, it measures total reflectance at seven sub-bands in the 300-2500nm spectral regions. The ET-100 measures directional reflectance at six bands in the thermal infrared spectral region. Based on those values, directional and total hemispherical emissivity is calculated. The ET-100 is a handy tool for radiative heat measurement applications including field inspections.

Centre

Centre for Solar Energy Materials

Figure 3. Handheld reflectometer and Emissometer

Helium gas Pycnometer

Make

POROTECH

Specifications

Volume of the sample to be measured: up to 50 CC

Details

Centre

Centre for Nanomaterials

Helmholtz Coil

Model & Make

FH2.5Lakeshore USA

Specifications

Maximum energy capacity of 1400 Joule
Maximum achievable field is 3.3 T
Maximum Voltage capacity of 2500 V.
Voltage Resolution of 1 V.
Description: Helmholtz Coil, 2.5-inch Inside Diameter, Â±0.5% center field accuracy.
Field Strength: 30 gauss at 1 ampere (approximate-an exact value is supplied)
Maximum Continuous current: 2 amperes DC (or RMS)
Field Uniformity: Â±0.5% of center value, within a cylindrical volume 0.75 inch long, 0.75 inch diameter, centered in the coil interior
DC Coil Resistance/Inductance: 3 ohm / 6.3 mH

Details

Instrument to produce highly stable constant magnetic field over a region which could be used to characterize permanent magnets.

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Helmholtz Coil

High Flux X-ray diffraction (XRD)

Model & Make

SmartLab 2018, Rigaku, Japan

Details

High Flux X-ray diffraction (XRD) unit is equipped with 9kW rotating Cu anode which provides nearly one order higher flux on the sample than the sealed tube X-ray source. This XRD machine can be used to carry out angular dispersive scans with 2 from 5 to 160 deg. and an angular resolution of 0.01 degrees. Specially designed sample holders are available for mounting of solid samples and powder samples. With aid of auto sampler robot, a maximum of 48 powder and 24 bulk samples can be measured with operator intervention.

Centre

Centre for Material Characterization and Testing

High Flux X-ray diffraction

High precision digital weighing balances

Make

Sartorius

Model

Quintex

60 g capacity, 0.01 mg resolution
250 g capacity, 0.1 mg resolution

Year

2019

Purpose

Precise weighing of powders, weight loss measurements

High Pressure Furnace

Model & Make

OTF-1200X-HVHP-60-GH & MTI, USA.

Specifications

Capable of reaching a maximum temperature of 1200 oC
Operatable chamber pressure 6 - 10-9 to 9 bar
Maximum heating rate of 20 oC/min
Capable of using various atmospheres like Ar, N2 and H2.

Details

Instrument used for Nitrogenation and annealing

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

High Pressure Furnace

High Pressure Reactive Ball Milling Vial

Model & Make

Evico Magnetics, Germany

Specifications

Volume of milling vial: 218 ml, Vial material: Stainless steel (hardened)
Continuous in-situ monitoring of pressure and temperature during ball milling
Max operating pressure 150 bar
Operation time up to 40 h
Radio range up to 20 m
Pressure measurement range: 1 - 150 bar

Details

Used for nitrogenation and reactive milling at high pressure regulated atmosphere

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

High Pressure Reactive Ball Milling Vial

High Stress Abrasion Tester

High Temperature Air Furnace

Model and Make

Nabertherm GmbH

Specifications

chamber dimensions: 400x400x400mm, Tmax: 1400oC
Power: 6.5 kW, RT-1800^oC

Details

Bottom Loading type, 8 heating elements ensuring uniform temperature super Kanthal heating elements

Centre

Centre for Ceramic Processing

High temperature air furnace

High Temperature Erosion Test Rig

High Temperature Vacuum Sintering Furnace

Model and Make

MPA Industrie, France

Specifications

Atmosphere: Vacuum and inert gases
Chamber size: 150mm dia x 400mm length
Temperature: RT-2000^oC

Details

Can sinter the ceramic samples upto 2000^oC

Centre

Centre for Ceramic Processing

High temperature vacuum sintering furnace

High Vacuum Brazing Furnace

Model & Make

VHF 150, Lakshmi Vacuum, India

Specifications

Vacuum: 1x10-5 mbar
Atmosphere: Vacuum, argon, hydrogen
Max. Temp: 1200 ^oC
Chamber Size: 15 cm x 15 cm x 30 cm
Heating Element: Molybdenum

Details

Capable of doing sintering, brazing, annealing in different atmosphere of various metals, alloys and intermetallic compunds.

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

High Vacuum Brazing Furnace

High Voltage Break Down Tester

Specifications

Test Voltage 0-5KV AC
Tripping Level 0-100mA

Details

For finding the dielectric breakdown strength of different coatings

Centre

Electronics and Instrumentation

Hot Modulus of Rupture

Model and Make

Netzsch GmbH Germany

Specifications

Temperature range: RT-1400^oC
Sample size: 45x4x3mm
Atmosphere: static air

Details

Test mode - 3 and 4 point bend

Centre

Centre for Ceramic Processing

Hot Modulus of Rupture

Hydrogen Absorption/Desorption Kinetics Measurement Facility

Model & Make

Custom-made

Specifications

Kinetics can be studied in the temperature range of 30-350^oC and pressure range of 0.01-70 bar

Details

The absorption/ desorption kinetics can be evaluated by monitoring the variation of pressure with time. The pressure sensors and thermocouples are connected to data logger and the data in continuously recorded during the measurement. This facility gives the hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics in case of the materials being tested at given temperature and pressure.

Centre

Centre for Nanomaterials

Impedance Analyzer

Model and Make

Solartron SI 1260A

Specifications

Frequency range: 1micro Hz - 32 MHz
Temperature: RT-1000^oC

Details

Measures of impedance, capacitance, modulus, permittivity and dielectric loss

Centre

Centre for Ceramic Processing

Impedance analyzer

Impedance and Cyclic Voltammetry Instrument

Model & Make

Parstat, Princeton Applied Research, USA

Specifications

No of channels: 8
Current: 2 A per channel
Voltage: 10 V per channel
Frequency: 10 µHz to 7 MHz

Details

To measure impedance and cyclic voltammetry of lithium-ion cells.

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Infinite focus 3D optical microscope with real 3D rotation unit

Model and Make

Infinite focus G5, Alicona

Details

A microscope with non-contact optical data acquisition based on focus variation technology. Automatic 3D data acquisition using automated data fusion with an automatic rotary unit in combination. The standard measurement modules included are:

Measurement tools for volumetric measurements
Measurement tools for profile measurement (profile form, profile roughness: Ra, Rq, Rz)
Measurement tools for surface texture (surface roughness: Sa, Sq, Sz, etc.)
Measuring tool for edge evaluation (angle, radius, form, contour, etc.) to a level of 1 µm
Difference measurement (to compare to 3D objects)
Depth measurement with 3D display function (for profiling MEMS, biomedical Stent, etc.)
Target – actual comparison of measurement data and CAD model
Export of measured results (CSV, 2D, 3D, QDAS)

Infinite Focus 3D

Instrumented Indentation Testing Facility

Make :

Micro Materials Ltd., Wrexham LL13 7YL, UK

Model:

Nanotest Vantage (Alpha) with NTX4 Contoller

Specifications:

Low load Head (up to 500mN); High Load Head ( Max.20N)

Testing modules:

Hardness and Modulus
Scratch
Nano-impact
Dynamic Hardness
Low cyclic and High Cyclic Fatigue
Imaging
Dynamic Mechanical Compliance Testing

Centre:

Centre for Materials Characterization and Testing (CMCT)

Instrumented Indentation Testing Facility

Inverted Metallurgical Microscope

Model & Makes

Olympus, Japan, GX 51

Specifications

Optical system: UIS 2 Optical system (Infinity Corrected)
Modes:BF / DF / DIC
Illumination system: Reflected light (100 W Halogen)
Eyepiece:10 X
Objective lens:5, 10, 20, 50, 100 X
Camera:5 Megapixel digital
Option: Transmitted Light Polarization Observation Unit

Details

Microstructure observation of metallurgical samples at large magnifications andanalyze particle size distribution, phase, porosity and grain size distribution

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Inverted Metallurgical Microscope

Ion Chromatography

Model & Make

883 Basic IC Plus, Metrohm, Switzerland

Specifications

Operating Temperature: 25 0C
Flow Rate: 0.001 to 20 mL/min
Pressure Range: 0-50 MPa
Detector: Conductivity, UV-Vis

Details

Determination of cations of transition metals and anions with or without chemical suppression.

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Ion Chromatography

IR - Curing System

Model & Make

Oven type Near Infra Red (NIR) Curing System, Advance Curing Systems (ACS), Bangalore

Specifications

Heating source : Near Infrared Lamps
Number of lamps : 6 Nos
Power : 27 kW
Heating area : 250 mm x 120 mm
Temperature control : Thyristor with PLC
Max Temperature : 350^oC

Details

The absorption of NIR radiation by organic molecules leads to molecular vibrations that generates the heat by the material itself. This phenomenon has various applications such as in drying, evaporation, gelling and hardening etc. of coatings/materials. Use of IR radiation for curing of coatings has the advantage of efficiency, energy saving and better performance when compared to conventional curing method. The available NIR curing facility has IR emitters with gold reflector so as to utilize 95% of the available radiation to cure the work piece surface.

Centre

Centre for Sol-Gel Coatings

IR Curing system

Jet Milling Unit

Model & Make

Pilot Mill 2; Food and Pharma Systems, Italy.

Specifications

Capable of micronizing particles to less than 10 Âµm
Process batch quantitites from 5 to 2000 g
Capable of producing yield of 95%
Capable of using various process gas like air, Oxygen, Argon and Nitrogen.

Details

Instrument used for producing micronized powder particles

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Jet Milling Unit

Karl Fischer Titrator

Model & Make

Metrohm, Switzerland

Specifications

Method: Bi-voltammetric/volumetric
Electrode: Platinum
Minimum limit: 0.1 % - 100 % (ppm)
Reagent: Karl Fischer Reagent

Details

To measure moisture content in electrolyte and battery materials.

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Keithley Nano Current Source and Voltmeter

Details

Measurement of conductivity requires a stable current source and a high precision voltage measuring device. Such a device is used to evaluate the surface as well as the bulk conductivity of the bi-polar plates used as gas feed as well as current collector in the fuel cell stack. These parameters are also used for quality control of the bipolar plates when made from composites. The Keithley digital source meter and the Keithley Nanovolt meter combination with data acquisition capabilities serves this purpose.

Centre

Centre for Fuel Cell Technology

Key sight E4980AL LCR METER 20Hz to 300 KHz

Frequency

20 Hz to 300 kHz, with 4-digit resolution in any range

Basic Accuracy

0.05% basic accuracy with superior measurement repeatability at low and high impedance

More Features

100 uV to 2 Vrms, 1 uA to 20 mA variable test signal
DC bias 1.5/2 V
Auto-level control
DC resistance
201 points list sweep
Versatile PC connectivity (LAN, USB, and GPIB)
Frequency Upgradability

Key sight E4980AL LCR METER 20Hz to 300 KHz

Laboratory Centrifuge

Model & Make

REMI, R-8C-BL, India

Specifications

Max. Speed: 6000 rpm
Max. Time: 90 mins
Max. rcf: 5070 g
Max. Capacity: 400 mL

Details

To separate precipitates and sediments from solution

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Laboratory Centrifuge

Laser Based Particle Diagnostic System

Model & Make

Spraywatch 2.0i, OSEIR, FINLAND

Specifications

Details

The particle diagnostic system is an essential device for optimizing of the coating process parameters in thermal spray coating systems like detonation spray, cold spray, high velocity oxy-fuel and plasma spray coating techniques. It is used for measuring particle velocity, temperature and size of various spray grade coating powders during coating deposition. The system is also being used for evaluating the particle velocities in abrasive blasting, erosion wear test rig etc.

Centre

Centre for Engineered Coatings

Laser based Particle Diagnostic System

Laser Flash Apparatus

Details

Ultrasonic soldering system combines heat and ultrasonic vibration to enable the soldering on glass, ceramics, aluminium, stainless steel and other unsolderable substrates. Solder is bonded to the substrate without using any chemical agents; hence the whole soldering process is flux free. The resulting joints have a high degree of electrical conductivity, adhesive strength, air/water tightness, weather and humidity resistance.

Centre

Centre for Solar Energy Materials

Laser Welder

Model & Make

JK Lasers, UK

Specifications

Laser Source: IPG Photonics, USA
Laser Type : Pulsed /Continuous wave
Maximum peak power: 4500 W
Pulse energy : 45 J
Wavelength : 1070 nm 5 nm

Details

The LIB cell container is welded to the lid by laser welding ensuring the hermetic sealing. It can also be used for Al-Al welding

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Laser Welder

Macrohardness Tester

Model & Make

Leco, LV700AT

Specifications

Computer-controlled unit Load range from 0.3 to 30 kgf Accommodate both Vickers and Knoop indenters

Details

With the aid of computer control, arrays of indents can be made on the sample and the hardness can be measured as a function of distance from a reference point. This unit is especially suitable to induce cracks on the sample surface so that the fracture toughness can be measured.

Centre

Centre for Material Characterization and Testing

Magnetic Field Press

Model & Make

Tamakawa Inc. Japan, Model: TM-WP2V10515C- 186

Specifications

Maximum Field 31.7 kOe, at 5mm gap between poles
Maximum Field 31.7 kOe,
Hydraulic press with a pressure of 200 kN
Adjustable pole gap
Replaceable Permendur poles with diameter of 100 mm

Details

Used for producing field aligned green compacts for magnet production.

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Magnetic Field Press

MASTERSIZER 3000

Model & Make

Mastersizer 3000, Malvern Pananalytical

Specifications

Materials for mesurément : Suspensions, emulsions and dry powders
Principle: Laser light scattering
Analysis: Mie and Fraunhofer scattering
Data acquisition rate: 10kHz
Typical measurement time: 10s
Red light source: Max. 4mW He-Ne, 632.8nm
Blue light source: Nominal 10mW LED, 470nm
Size range: 10nm - 3.5mm
Accuracy: 0.6%
Repeatability: Better than 0.5% variation
Reproducibility: Better than 1% variation

Details

The Mastersizer 3000 is equipped with wet and dry and uses the technique of laser diffraction to measure particle size distributions from 10nm up to 3.5mm.

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Micro Focus X-Ray Diffractometer

Model and Make

RAPID-II-D/MAX MICROFOCUS X-ray Diffraction System (RIGAKU Corp., Japan)

Specifications

Rigaku-MICROMAX 007 HF rotating anode (Cu and Cr target)
2D-curved image plate detector (size: 470 x 256mm)
collimators: 10, 30, 50, 100, 300 and 800 mm diameter
2theta range: -47 to +163 degree

Details

This is the most versatile laboratory scale x-ray diffraction system. It is equipped with high intensity microfocus rotating anode x-ray source-Rigaku MicroMax 007HF, which has brightness close to a second generation synchrotron with x-ray flux of 1014 to 1015 x-ray photon/mm2/s at the focal point. The system also has a highly sensitive and large image plate based 2-dimensional (2D) detector, which ensures a full scan from -47 to +163 degree for 2theta in a single exposure of very small duration. It has both Cu and Cr target option with provision to bring the beam spot size down to 10 micron. The system can be operated in reflection, transmission and glancing incidence configuration. It can perform wide range of studies like phase analysis, texture, residual stress, trace phase detection (for phase fraction of 0.1% or less) in micro/macro-area apart from thin film analysis in the glancing incidence mode. In addition, it has a provision to perform fully automated area mapping using auto stage.

Micro Focus x-ray Diffractometer

Micro hardness test machine

Make

INNOVATEST Europe BV, Netherlands

Model

Falcon 500

Year

2020

Purpose

Fully automated Vickers, Knoop hardness measurements

Micro Tensile/Fatigue Testing of miniature samples

Model

Multipurpose Micro tensile Testing Machine Type LFV 0.5 S + LFV 3S

Max. Static load ± 3000 N

Max. Dynamic load ± 2500 N (up to 30 Hz)

Make

Walter & Bai Switzerland

Year

2008

Purpose

Mechanical property evaluation of thin (< 1 mm) coatings, LASER clads

Specifications

Max. static load Â± 3000 N
Max. dynamic load Â± 2500 N (up to 30 Hz)
Digital Control System Series EDC for closed loop control of load, displacement or deformation for static and dynamic testing up to 50 Hz
DIONSTAT Application Software package for standard tensile, compression, bending etc. testing
High resolution Video Extensometer type ME46 for non contact strain measurement with automatic target Recognition complete with PC and Software, gauge length: 1-10 mm
X-Y micrometer position stage, mounted between base platen and load cell to allow ultra-precise positioning and movement of specimen
Dynamic Extensometer for Fatigue Testing - Gauge Length:10 mm, measuring displacement: +/- 2.0 mm, Natural frequency: 100 Hz
Miniature Extensometer Model- gauge length 3, 6, 8 and 10 mm; measuring travel Â±5%, Â±10%, +20/-10%,+25/-10%, +50/-5% and +100/-5% of gage length
Small lightweight, mechanical clamp grip for forces up to 3 kN with adapters, 10 mm wide serrated faces and faces for round samples up to diameter 3 mm
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) bend fixture with variable span length including adapters

Centre

Centre for Engineered Coatings

Microhardness Tester

Model and Make

UHL VMHT

Specifications

Computer-controlled unit
Load range from 0.3 to 30 kgf
Accommodate both Vickers and Knoop indenters

Details

With the aid of computer control, arrays of indents can be made on the sample and the hardness can be measured as a function of distance from a reference point. This unit is especially suitable to induce cracks on the sample surface so that the fracture toughness can be measured.

Centre

Centre for Material Characterization and Testing

Microhardness Tester

Microscope (Digital with Stream Essential Image Analysis)

Make

Olympus Corporation Japan

Model

GX-51

Year

2014

Purpose

Multitasking metallurgical image analysis (brightfield, darkfield, polarized light view)

Microwave NDT System for Moisture Estimation of Green Ceramics

Model and Make

Fraunhoper Institute, IZFP, GmbH Germany

Specifications

Moisture range: 0-20%

Details

Moisture in green ceramics can be estimated for flat and complex shapes

Centre

Centre for Ceramic Processing

Microwave NDT system for moisture estimation of green ceramics

Multi-channel Battery tester

Model and Make

LBT20184UC, Arbin Instruments

Specifications

Serial No: 211223
Channels: 32 Nos.
Max Current: ~5 A
Min Current: ~100 µA
Voltage Range: 0 V - 10 V

Details

Arbin Instruments LBT20184UC is a multi-channel battery cycler, having total 32 channels for the testing of coin/Swagelok/pouch type cells of low to moderate capacity. The battery cycler has been designed for the testing of cells fabricated in R&D level. Each channel in this system is capable of testing the cells independently, enabling users to run tests on multiple cells at the same time. The features of Arbin Instruments LBT20184UC are: (i) completely independent channels allow users to run multiple independent tests simultaneously without affecting the other channels, (ii) accuracy up to 0.02% for low power and 0.05% for high power applications, (iii) Potentiostatic/Galvanostatic stations fine-tuned for battery Research & Development, and (iv) Up to three current ranges per station available for improved accuracy over a wide range of testing conditions.

Multichannel Electrochemical Test system

Model & Make

1470E; Solartron Analytical, UK

Specifications

Multi-channel potentiostat & frequency response analyzers (FRAs) connected to a computer providing simultaneous DC and impedance tests on multiple cells.
Eight fully independent potentiostat for eight separate cells to be tested simultaneously with the voltage and current range of +10V to -3V and 0 to 4 A.

Details

The Solartron Cell Test system is the most advanced Multi-channel battery, fuel cell, super capacitor test system Available, giving the ultimate in DC and impedance test Performance. The speed, range and resolution of the Cell Test system also makes it suited to other research applications including the analysis of sensors, coatings, corrosion and general electrochemical applications. Each channel is completely independent allowing the same or quite different experiments to be run on each cell. The Cell Test system provides a wide range of experimental techniques, including charge / discharge, potentiostatic, potentiodynamic, galvanostatic, galvanodynamic, fast cyclic voltammetry, open circuit, fast pulse and step techniques, ohmic-drop analysis and impedance.

Centre

Centre for Fuel Cell Technology

Multichannel Electrochemical Test system

Nano mechanical testing

Model

Nanomechanics Inc, Oak Ridge, USA

Specifications

Load range: ±50mN or ±1N (High load actuator) electromagnetic actuator
Displacement range: ±20μm
Displacement time constant: 20μs
Data acquisition rate: 100kHz
Frequency range: 1- 200Hz

Details:

High precision and high accuracy indentation testing with continuous measurement of hardness and elastic modulus as a function of depth
Frequency dependent viscoelastic characterization (storage modulus, loss modulus and loss factor) between 1-200Hz
High speed mechanical property mapping for stiffness, hardness and elastic modulus mapping (Each indent takes < 1s)
High strain rate hardness measurements as a function of indentation strain rate in the strain rate range of 10-4 1/s – 3 X 104 1/s

Centre

Centre for Engineered Coatings

Nano Mechanical Testing

Nano Sizer

Model & Make

Nano SZ, Malvern Instruments Limited, UK

Specifications

Principle of operation- Dynamic Light Scattering
Size range : 0.6 to 600 nm
Sample Type : Ceramic, Metallic and non-metallic based
Concentration range : Transparent to extremely turbid suspensions
Temperature range : 10 to 60^oC
Temperature control : +/-1^oC
Laser : 4mW He-Ne, 633nm
Mean particle size: 1-1000nm

Details

The instrument measures the diffusion coefficient (D) and converts this to particle size, using the Stokes-Einstein equation: D=kT/3S, D=Hydrodynamic diameter, T=Absolute temperature, D=Diffusion Coefficient, K=Boltzman's constant, =Viscosity/c

Centre

Centre for Ceramic Processing

Nano Sizer

NI Data Acquisition Module

Model & Make

USB 6008/6009

Specifications

8 analog inputs at 12 or 14 bits, up to 48 kS/s
2 analog outputs at 12 bits, software-timed
12 TTL/CMOS digital I/O lines
One 32-bit, 5 MHz counter

Details

Used for interfacing different analog and digital signals to a PC

Centre

Electronics and Instrumentation

NI Multifunction DAQ card

Model & Make

PCI- 6221

Specifications

8 differential or 16 single ended analog inputs
Analog outputs : 2
Analog input : Â±10 V, Â±5 V, Â±1 V, Â±0.2 V.
Sampling Rate : 250 kS/s
ADC resolution: 16 bits
Output range Â±10 V

Details

For measuring, analyzing and storing data generated in different experimental work

Centre

Electronics and Instrumentation

Non-Contact Optical Profilometer

Model & Make

NV6200, Zygo

Details

The system is used for estimating surface roughness and other surface parameters, as also to create 3D profiles of surfaces. It uses white light interferometry to map specimen surfaces. A beam splitter is used to split the incoming beam into two. One part goes to a reference mirror that is optically smooth while the other part scans the sample surface. The interference pattern between the two beams (that is, the one coming from the reference mirror and the other from the sample) is used to recreate the surface profile. The resolution of the unit is 0.1 nm and hence optically smooth surfaces can be studied. An advantage of this system over an atomic force microscope is that there is no mechanical contact with any part of the sample and hence even smooth and soft surfaces can be profiled. Another advantage is that the optics stay much above the sample and hence even deeper areas of the sample surface can be imaged as far as the light beam is able to fall on the area of interest.

Centre

Centre for Material Characterization and Testing

Non-Contact Optical Profilometer

Online Thickness Measurement Instrument

Model & Make

Oryx Systems, USA

Specifications

Light Source: 650 nm visible light
Laser Output: 0.95 mW
Resolution: 100 nm
Accuracy: ±1.0 μm
Scan Speed: <= 400 mm/s
Web Width: C-Frame 800 mm O-Frame 2800 mm

Details

Used for measuring online thickness of electrodes and coatings.

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Optical Microscope

Model & Make

GX51, Olympus

Details

This microscope, is useful for visual examination of samples to magnifications of 1000x. The microscope has an image analyser attached to it that is used for quantification of the images. Measurements of grain size, porosity etc. are possible with the software. The microscope also has a DIC filter that is useful for the observation of sample topography.

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Owon P4305 Programmable DC Power supply

Channel Single Channel Output.
Total Output Power 150W
Channel Output 0 - 30V / 0 - 5A × 1-CH
Display 3.7 inch colour LCD display
Dimension 117mm(L) × 194mm(H)× 295mm(D)
Weight Approx. 5.6 kg
Interface RS232
Rated Output (0℃-40℃) Voltage 0 - 30V
Current 5A
Load Regulation Voltage ≤0.01%+3mV
Current ≤0.01% + 3mA
Setting Resolution Voltage 1mV
Current 1mA
Ripple/Noise (20Hz-20MHz) Voltage (Vp-p) ≤4mVp-p

Owon P4305 Programmable DC Power supply

OWON SPE6103 DC power supply

Ultra-thin body, portable and easy to use, SMPS Based

60V, 10A Adjustable – 300W constant power design, wide application range
Over voltage/over current protection
Power-on automatic output setting function, suitable for unattended occasions
Intelligent temperature control fan cooling, reduce noise
4 groups of Memory shortcut parameters for quick output
Versatile PC connectivity (LAN, USB, and GPIB)
USB Device communication port, support SCPI
Constant voltage CV/constant current CC mode, effectively protect the circuit

Technical Specifications

Rated Output: Voltage: 0-60V, Current: 0-10A
Power Output: 300W
Load Regulation: Voltage ≤30mV, Current ≤20mA
Power Regulation: Voltage ≤30mV, Current ≤20mA
Setting Resolution: Voltage 10mV, Current 1mA
Read back Resolution: Voltage 10mV, Current 1mA

OWON SPE6103 DC power supply

Oxygen-Nitrogen Analyzer

Model and Make

ON - 900, Eltra, Germany

Specifications

Oxygen is detected as CO2 in IR-cell
Nitrogen is detected by a thermal-conductivity-cell
Measured oxygen in the range 0 to 0.5 %,
Measures nitrogen in the range 0 to 0.5 %

Details

Oxygen/Nitrogen system is a microprocessor based software driven instrument for wide range measurement of oxygen and nitrogen content of metals, ores, ceramics and other inorganic materials. It uses induction furnace for CO2/SO2 conversion. It works on the principle of infrared absorption of CO2 and SO2.

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Eltra Oxygen-Nitrogen analyzer

Paperless Chart Recorder

Model & Make

VR 18

Specifications

Channels: AI181 ~ 1 channel, AI182 ~2 channels, AI183 ~ 3 channels; Resolution: 18 bits
Sampling Rate: 5 times/ second
Maximum Rating: -2 VDC minimum, 12 VDC maximum (1 minute for mA input)
Temperature Effect: Â±1.5 ?V/ ?C for all inputs except mA Â±3.0 ?V/ ?C for mA input
Sensor Lead Resistance Effect: T/C: 0.2 ?V/ohm
3-wire RTD: 2.6 ?C /ohm of resistance difference of two leads
8. 2-wire RTD: 2.6 ?C /ohm of resistance sum of two leads

Details

Used for recording and storing data from different sensors, as and when required

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Particle Size Analyzer

Model and Make

MS3000, Malvern Instruments Ltd., UK

Specifications

TRange: 0.02 micron-2000 micron
Capability: dry and wet
Solvent condition: aqueous and non-aqueous

Details

Measures particle size distribution and size

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Particle Size Analyzer

Peel Strength Tester

Model & Make

Mecmesin, UK

Specifications

Sample Dimensions: 25 (W) X 304.8 (L) mm
Speed: 152 mm/min
Distance: 100 mm
Load Accuracy: <1%

Details

Instrument used for measuring peel strength of electrode materials and coatings.

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PEM Fuel Cell Automated Test Station

Model and Make

Green Light G60, Green Light Innovation.

Specifications

The G60 is available with several advanced Testing techniques.

Emerald control software for fully automated operation with Advanced Scripting Language.
Load Box: max. load 625W, max. current 125A, max. voltage 5V.
Load Box Modes: CC, CV or CP (constant Current, voltage or power)
Max. Gas Flow: H2 3 NLPM, Air 20 NLPM, O2 5 NLPM, N2 5 NLPM, Methanol 75ml/min
End Plate Heater control: Anode/Cathode PID controller.
Humidification System: Gas Temperature 1100C, Dew point Control up to 900C
Gas Detector: One H2 gas detector
Back Pressure control: up to 500KPa
EC Load Box: Gamry Interface 5000E
Electrochemical Studies: Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS).
Test Bench Area: 710 mm×480 mm (28×19)inches

Details

G60 is Fuel Cell Automated Test Station system (FCATS) with a closed loop control system and emerald scripting software allowing the test station to run performance, durability tests and diagnostics of the fuel cell systems. EIS, CV studies are done by using Gamry Interface 5000E. There is an optional DMFC mode configuration with a Methanol and H2O mixture.

PEM Fuel Cell Automated test station

Planetary Ball Mill

Model & Make

PM 400 & RETSCH, Germany

Specifications

50-500ml capacity bowel can be used
It can reduce particle size within short time
4 bowels can be adjusted at a time
Speed : 30 to 400 RPM
Interlock for safe operation is inbuilt with system
It is suitable for batch-type ultrafine grinding of hard,
Medium-hard, as well as soft and fibrous materials

Details

Key features of the equipment are- Reduction of particles size even at shorter time; PM-400 planetary mill can accommodate four bowels; Sturdy and mobile.

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Portable hand held Emissometer

Model & Make

AE 1, Devices & Services Company, Texas, USA

Specifications

Measurement area : 0.75" (in flat samples); 1.0" (in tube samples)

Details

The portable emissometer measures the thermal emissivity of a material/coating. Thermal emittance measurements with the emissometer require that the high and low emittance standards and the sample to be measured be maintained at the same temperature. To achieve a uniform temperature, the instrument is provided with a heat sink on which the standards as well as the sample (normally flat) is to be mounted. Appropriate adapters can be used to measure the emittance of curved profiles also. The accuracy or repeatability of the instrument at room temperature for any particular measurement is high.

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Portable hand held emissometer

Portable Surface Roughness Tester

Details

TESA- rugosurf 90G is a portable surface roughness tester having the distinctive properties required for use in a laboratory to measure surface roughness parameters according to the following standards.
ISO 4287:1997, JIS B0601:2001, ASME B46-2002, ISO13565, JIS B0671, DIN and ISO 12085:1998 JIS B0631:2000

Adjustable measuring parameters of instrument:

Cut off length : 0, 08-0, 25-0,8-2, 5-8 mm
Number of cut offs : 1 to 19 or 1 to 5 for a 8 mm cut off length
Probing speed : 0.5 or 1 mm/sec.
This is used to measure the surface roughness of both uncoated and coated samples for optimisation of surface roughness parameters.

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Potential Seebeck Microprobe

Model:

PSM-II

Make:

Panco, Germany

Specifications

Three axis micro positioning stage with controller unit
Joy stick control
Heatable measuring thermoprobe
Positioning accuracy: Unidirectional: 0,05 μm; bidirectional: 1 μmMax.
scanning area 100 mm × 100 mm (typ)155 mm × 155 mm
Local resolutionup: 5 μm depending onthermal conductivity
Signal resolution100 nV
Measurement time< 4-20s per scan point
Dimension:. 55cm x 58cm x 62cm

Details

Simultaneous scanning of Seebeck coefficients and electrical conductivity of samples

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Potential Seebeck Microprobe

Pouch Cell Testing Unit

Model & Make

Biologic, USA

Specifications

No of channels: 24
Current: 1.5 A per channel
Voltage: 10 V per channel

Details

To measure voltage, capacity, temperature, cycle life of lithium-ion pouch cells.

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Powder Xray Diffractometer ( XRD)

Model and Make

Smart Lab X-Ray Diffractometer , Rigaku

Specifications

Sealed tube generator with Rotating anode generator
Maximum rated output: 3 kW
Rated tube voltage - current : 20 - 60 kV; 2 - 60 mA
Target Cu (others: optional)
Focus size: 0.4 x 12 mm line/point (others: optional)
Radiation enclosure: Full safety shielding with fail safe open/close mechanism

Details

The high-resolution X-ray diffractometer provided with SmartLab Guidance software, acts as an intelligent interface for the user. The system incorporates a high resolution Î¸/Î¸ closed loop goniometer drive system, cross beam optics (CBO), an in-plane scattering arm, and an optional 3.0 kW rotating anode generator. High flexibility by coupling a computer controlled alignment system with a fully automated optical system makes it easy to switch between hardware modes. Optional in-plane diffraction arm for in-plane measurements without reconfiguration and focusing and parallel beam geometries without reconfiguration.

Powder Xray Diffractometer ( XRD)

Powder Flow Analyser

Model& Make

TXT.PLUS, Stable micro systems, UK

Specifications

Operates at RT with 15-20 gm of powder with a load cell capacity of 5N

Details

Powder flow analyzer can be used for the determination of compaction coefficient, cohesion coefficient, cohesion index, flowability. The helically machined rotor of the instrument can be programmed to move through the powder in different ways to measure many different characteristics. The sample of powder can be conditioned, then compacted to a specified stress and then the rotor can be programmed to slice down through the powder (with minimum disturbance to the powder column, by moving down at the same helical path as the blade profile) and then to move up through the sample measuring the cohesion between the powder after the consolidation. Flow property of powders before and after granulation such as cohesion index, PF speed dependency, caking strength, flow stability can be measured.

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Powder Flow Analyser

Probe ultrasonicator

Model & Make

Q500, QSonica LLC- USA

Major technical specifications

Probe diameter range: 2 mm – 25 mm
Capable to sonicate: 0.5 – 1000 ml
Maximum frequency: 20 KHz
Control: Programmable operation
Power: 500 W

Technical details

This probe ultrasonicator is useful for the uniform dispersion of nanometer size powders, nanofiber, nanotubes through deagglomerations by overcoming the strong Vander Walls force of attraction between them. It is an important tool for making nano-powder or nanofiber reinforced ceramic composite. The device is capable to sonicate 0.5 to 1000 ml liquid. The parameter for sonication such as time, pulse sequence can be tailored depending on the materials and quantity used.

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Pulse Magnetizer

Model & Make

Micro-Mag; Laboratorio Elettrofisico Engineering srl., Italy; Model.

Specifications

Maximum energy capacity of 1400 Joule
Maximum achievable field is 3.3 T
Maximum Voltage capacity of 2500 V.
Voltage Resolution of 1 V.

Details

Used for magnetizing the permanent magnet samples

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Pulse Magnetizer

Pulse Power Supply

Model & Make

DPR series (DuPR 10-3-6); Dynatronix INC, USA

Specifications

Real Time Cycle Control
Ampere Time Cycle Control
Ampere Time Totalizer
Error signals for over-temperature, locked fan rotor, output out-of-tolerance and power failure/brownout conditions
Calibration capability through the control interface
Straight DC or High Frequency Pulse Output (0-5000 Hz) Capability
0 - 10.0 volts average (DC) or peak (pulsed) voltage
0 - 3.0 amps average current (or maximum DC current)
0.3 - 6.0 amps peak (pulsed) current

Details

Fully-programmable power supply for DC, Pulse and Pulse Reverse electrodeposition and Electrochemical anodization

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Pycnometer

Model & Make

AccuPyc 1330-Micometritics

Specifications

Reading accuracy : within 0.03% of reading
Sample volume: 0.5-100 cm³
Standard sample holder: 19 mm OD x 39.8 mm long x 0.245 mm wall for standard (10 cm³) holder.

Details

The AccuPyc 1330 Pycnometer determines density and volume by measuring pressure change of helium in a calibrated volume. It is an easy to use, fully automatic gas displacement Pycnometer.

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Quantum efficiency tester (IPCE)

Model & Make

Bentham PVE300

Specifications

Range of operation : 300-1200/2500 nm
Light source : 75 W Xenon and 100 W Quartz halogen
Source irradiance : 0 – 1.5 suns
Wavelength accuracy : ± 0.2 - 0.4 nm
Probe size : 0.2 – 7 mm diameter
Reference calibrators : Si 300 – 1100 nm,Ge 800 – 1800 nm
Sample area : 200 x 200 mm

Details

Quantifies the wavelength dependence of the cell’s photocurrent generation
Determines the Spectral Responsivity (SR) of a solar cell
Predicts the short circuit current, Isc, of the device under any incident spectral irradiance
Calculates quantum efficiency, which indicates the cell’s conversion efficiency as a function of wavelength

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Raman Spectrometer

Model & Make

WiTec Alpha 300, Germany

Specifications

Laser wavelength: 532 nm and 633 nm
Gratings: 300 g/mm, 600 g/mm, 1800 g/mm
Piezo-driven stage

Details

Determination of chemical structure, phase, polymorphy, crystallinity

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Raman Spectrometer

Rapid Thermal Annealing Furnace

Model & Make

1100^oC - OTF-1200X-4-RTP-UL- MTI Corp. USA

Specifications

Heating rate of 50^oC/second.
30 segment precision temperature controller
Accuracy +/-1 ^oC
600^oC Max. for Continuous; 800^oC Max. for < 120 minutes

Details

For extremely precise and for rapid and short duration heat treatments

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Rapid Thermal Annealing Furnace

Rheometer

A. Model & Make:

MCR 51, Anton Paar, GmbH

Specification

Modes of operation- a) Controlled shear rate b)Controlled shear stress c) Oscillation mode
Measurement systems- a) Concentric cylinder systems for low and high viscous fluids b) Parallel plate configuration c) Cone-plate configuration

Details

The equipment is equipped with a high resolution optical encoder which enables precise measurement of the angular deflection and can perform the following measurements

Viscosity with varying shear rates, Viscosity with varying shear stress, Viscosity with varying time, Viscosity with varying temperature, Creep test, Stress relaxation test, Oscillatory tests, Multi wave test, Amplitude Sweep, Frequency Sweep, Temp, Sweep and Time Sweep.

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B. Model & Make :

R/S-CPS+, Brookfield, USA

Specification

Torque Range : 0.05 to 50 m Nm
Speed Range : 0.01 to 1,000 rpm
Temperature Range : -20 to 250^oC
Shear rate Range : 0 to 6000 per sec
Shear stress Rate : 0 to 16000 Pa
Viscosity Range : 0.05 to 10,000 Pa s
Spindle type : Cone and Plate type

Details

It allows the Rheological characterization (viscosity measurements) of both Newtonian and Non-Newtonian fluids; A broad measurement range, testing for yield properties and the ability to flow properties of fluids with delicate structures. This Rheometer is a rotational controlled stress instrument with geometries (cone and Plate). The geometry is directly connected to the motor shaft. A current is applied to the Rheometer motor, and the resulting speed (RPM) is measured with an optical encoder directly connected to the motor shaft. The applied Torque is converted to shear stress, and the RPM is converted to shear rate by the instrument electronics. It will be operated on controlled shear stress or controlled shear rate mode where a feed back loop is used.

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C. Model & Make

DV-III Ultra

Specifications

Viscosity range : 15CPs to 2MPs
Software: Rheocalc32 for viscosity plots Vs time, temperature, shear rate & shear stress
Others: Built in in math models for data analysis and stand alone mode with 4 spindles

Details

The three properties rheology, suspension stability, and compatibility of the catalyst ink and carbon slurry can be studied by the rheometer. The thickness and consistency of the catalyst layer on the membrane/electrode depends upon the solution properties. Rheometer DV-III ultra combines the sophisticated viscosity and the yield stress measurement with PC control software for continuous sensing and display. This is an easy tool to predict the materials flow, spray or pumping behavior by studying the shear rate profiles.

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D. Model & Make

GEM-200-903 & Malvern Instruments Limited, UK

Specification

Viscosity range: 3 X 10-7 to 6 X 106 PaS
Torque range: 0.05 ÂµNm -200 mNm
Torque resolution : <10-9 Nm
Rotational speed : <10-8 rad /s to 600 rad /s
Normal force range : 0.001 N to 20 N
Oscillation frequency range:10-6 Hz to 150 Hz
Modes of operation: Controlled shear rate, Controlled shear stress, Oscillation mode
Measurement system Concentric cylinder , Parallel plate, Cone-plate
Working temperature range : -30 to +200^oC

Details

Used for measuring rheological properties of slurry, visco-elastic material. It is a Frictionless low inertia air bearing type with integrated high-resolution absolute position sensor. The Rheometer consists of a microprocessor controlled automatic zeroing and gap setting with thermal compensation. Its accuracy in viscosity values < 1 %

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Rheometer

Model & Make

Anton Paar, Austria

Specifications

Max. Torque: 200 mNm
Max.Torque Oscillation: 10 nNm
Max. Speed: 3000/min
Max. Temperature: -150 - 1000 0C
Normal Force Range: 0.01-50 N
Max. Angular Frequency: 628 rad/s

Details

To measure the viscosity of slurry before electrode coating

Rheometer

Roller Coating Unit with UV Curing Facility

Details

Roller coating unit to deposit sol-gel coatings on flat substrates with varying thickness from 0.5 mm to 10 mm, 300 mm width and 500 mm length dimensions is available at the Centre. The conveyorized unit has an inline UV curing facility to instantly polymerise and bake the coatings. The conveyor speed can be altered in the range of 0 m/sec to 10 m/sec to optimise the coating thickness that shall change as a function of sol viscosity. Metals, ceramics, plastics, paper and wooden substrates can be coated on one surface using the machine.

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Rotating bending fatigue test machine (RBF-200)

Make

Fatigue Dynamics Inc USA

Model

RBF-200

Year

2005

Purpose

Fatigue life estimation of coated materials

Specifications

cycle counter: 9,999,999,900 maximum counts
adjustable speed spindle :500 to 10,000 rpm
calibrated beam and poise system, which can apply an infinitely adjustable moment of up to 200 inch-pounds to the cantilevered end of the specimen bar.
Collets sizes available include Â¼, 3/8, and Â½ inch diameters.
Unless specified otherwise, a Â½ inch pair of collets is furnished with the machine.

Details

The RBF-200 is a compact, bench-mounted machine designed to apply reversed bending loads to unthreaded, straight shank specimen bars.

Specimen design

The applicable inch-pound moment setting for the poise weight is determined on the basis of some desired bending stress level in the specimen. Generally this moment may be determined from the equation: M = SD3/32 = 0.0982 SD3 Where, M = Setting for poise weight in inch-pounds S = Desired bending stress level in specimen at minimum cross section in pounds per square inch D = Diameter of specimen at minimum cross section in inches.

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Salt spray chamber

Model & Make

Ascott, S120iP

Specifications

Cabinet Capacity: 120Litres
Chamber temperature range: Adjustable from ambient to +50 °C
Temperature (Drying mode): Adjustable from ambient to +50 °C
Temperature (Wetting mode): Adjustable from ambient to +50 °C
Salt fog Fallout rates: Adjustable from 0.5 to 2.5ml per 80cm per hour
Humidity range: Fixed at 95% to 100%RH
Internal dimensions: 715mm (W)x490 mm(D)x490mm (H)

Special features

SO2 gas dosing facility for accelerated industrial/acid environment
Two-step programming for modified test standards
Compatible with ASTM and ISO standards

Details

The salt spray (or salt fog) chamber is a standardized and popular corrosion test equipment, used to check corrosion resistance of materials and surface coatings. Usually, the materials to be tested are metallic and finished with a surface coating which is intended to provide a degree of corrosion protection to the underlying metal.

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Figure 5. Salt spray chamber with SO2 purging facility

Scanning Vibrating Electrode Technique (SVET)

Model & Make

VersaSCAN, AMETEK, USA

Specifications

Lock-in Amplifier

Noise Sensitivity : 13fA per second
Frequency Range : 1 mHz up to 250 kHz
Full Scale Sensitivity : from 10nV to 1V
DSP Stability : Impervious to temperature drift
Piezo : up to 30 microns vibration perpendicular to sample surface

Electrometer

Gain : from 1x to 10,000x in decades

Probes

Material : Pt/lr, Single-element probe

Details

The Scanning Vibrating Electrode Technique uses a single wire to measures voltage drop in solution. This voltage drop is a result of local current at the surface of a sample. Measuring this voltage in solution images the current at the sample surface. Current can be naturally occurring from a corrosion or biological process, or the current can be externally controlled using a Galvanostat. A piezo unit vibrates the probe in Z-direction (axis parallel to the sample). The amplitude of vibration may be only 10s of microns peak-to-peak. This small vibration provides a very small voltage to be measured. Therefore, the response (signal + noise) at the probe is then gained by the electrometer. The gained output of the electrometer is then input to a Lock-In Amplifier. This, in turn, uses a phase detector along with a Reference at the same frequency of vibration to extract the small AC signal from the entire measured response.

Scanning Vibrating Electrode Technique (SVET)

Scanning Electro-Chemical Microscope

Details

Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM) is an electrochemical-cum-analytical technique that allows to map the topography of the electrode surface during electrochemical oxidation/reduction reaction that takes place at the interface of the electrolyte/electrode. An ultra-micro electrode at the tip of the probe allows the visualization of spatially-confined variations in the chemical reactivity depending on the surface conductivity of the electrode, using , amperomertric or potentiometric techniques as in the case of normal potentiostat/galvanostat.

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Scanning Electron Microscope

Model and Make

Scanning Electron Microscope SU1510, Hitachi

Specifications

Resolution SE & BSE: 3.0 nm at 30 kV (High Vacuum Mode),4.0 nm at 30 kV (Variable Pressure Mode)
Magnification: x5 to x300,000
Accelerating Voltage: 0.3 to 30 kV
Electron Gun: Electron Gun
Detectors: Secondary Electron Detector, High Sensitivity Semiconductor BSE Detector
Image Data Saving: 640 x 480 pixels, 1,280 x 960 pixels, 2,560 x 1,920 pixels, 5,120 x 3,840 pixels

Details

Medium size chamber variable pressure SEM with Quad Bias gun electronics which improves low voltage performance and increases beam the current. Dual high-take-off ports accommodate two EDS detectors mounted 180 degrees apart to tice the analytical data collection plus eliminate X-ray map shadows associated with rough sample surfaces. A high speed, clean, efficient TMP eliminates the need for water cooling. Advantages of being compact, high performance and user friendly. For quick observation of non-conductive samples the SU1510 utilizes variable pressure mode that eliminates negative charging, and provides the optimum conditions for both imaging and Energy Dispersive X-ray microanalysis. The specimen chamber and stage have been designed to accommodate samples as large as 153 mm in diameter. Simultaneous EDX microanalysis and imaging can be completed on a sample that is up to 60mm in height at the analytical working distance of 15 mm.

Scanning electron microscope

Scanning Electron Microscope (Merlin Compact) With EDS

Details

High resolution Field Emission Gun scanning electron microscope (FEG-SEM), (Model: Merlin Compact, Make: Zeiss, Germany) is available at ARCI, Chennai. The instrument has a best resolution of 0.8 nm with accelerating voltage variable from 0.02 to 30 keV. The FEG source is of thermionic emission type. The SEM is equipped with Secondary electron detector, In-lens detector, Back scattered Electron detector and EDS detector (EDAX, USA) for compositional analysis. The sample stage is a 5 axis euccentric stage with a tilt angle ranging from -3 to 70 0. The Gemini I column enables high resolution and high probe current making it more suitable for analytical applications.

High resolution Field Emission Gun scanning electron microscope

Scanning Electron Microscope with Field Emission Gun (FE-SEM)

Model & Make

Gemini 500 (M/s Carl Zeiss)

Details

This instrument is used for studying sample surfaces at high magnifications (> 200000x) due to the presence of a hot Schottky field emission (FE) gun. Potential (called the extraction voltage) is applied to draw out the electrons. Due to this combination of high temperature and extraction voltage, the brilliance of the source beam, as also its stability, is high. This system is attached with an EDS unit and an electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) unit.

Attachment to the FE-SEM

A. Energy Dispersive Spectroscope

Details

One of the interactions that occur when an incident electron beam falls on a sample is the production of x-rays from the sample. The x-ray frequency is characteristic of the element in the sample that produces it. Thus, several elements can be analysed simultaneously. The detector analyses the energies of the generated x-rays, leading to speedy detection of the elements.

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B. Electron Back Scatter Diffraction unit

Details

In the EBSD unit, the sample is kept inclined at an angle of 70 to the incident beam and the emergent backscattered electrons undergo diffraction. The diffracted beams are collected on a phosphor screen where they form bands that are indexed based on known crystallographic inputs. The electron beam moves on the sample surface in a regular manner based on a step size determined by the user. Electron diffraction occurs at each point and the entire area of interest on the sample surface is mapped. EBSD is a technique where the input is crystallographic information and the output is microstructural information. The orientation of individual grains can be measured using EBSD, as also the grain shape, size and boundary statistics. EBSD is also a powerful tool for the determination of crystallographic texture. A special feature of the unit at ARCI is that the EDS and EBSD units work in synchronisation and hence elemental and microstructual information can be collected from each point from the area of interest. A recent area of application is phase analysis using the EDS/EBSD combination. Since spatial information from the different grains is preserved in EBSD, the location of small amounts of secondary phases (at triple points or within grains) can be determined accurately.

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Scanning Electron Microscope with Field Emission Gun (FE-SEM)

Scratch Tester (CSM)

Model & Make

Revetest Macro Scratch Tester (RST), CSM (Now Anton Paar)

Specifications

Indenter: Rockwell C (Diamond tipped)
Load Range: 1 mN to 200 mN
Loading type: Constant or progressive loading
Failure Detection: Acoustic emission or change in friction coefficient
Sample dimensions: > 10Lx10Wx5H mm3

Details

The macro scratch tester is extensively used in the measurement of interface (substrate to coating) or cohesive (with in the coating) adhesive strength of thin films or coatings deposited on any substrate material. Further it can also be used to measure material surface mechanical properties like, fracture and deformation.

Scratch Tester

Seebeck and Resistance Measurement System

Model & Make

Seebsys, NorECS AS Norwegian Electro Ceramics AS, Norway

Specifications

Temperature Range: 300 K-1473 K
Atmosphere: Used with oxidizing, reducing, inert and wet or dry gases
Sample Type: Bulk and Thin Films
Sample Size: 5 mm-10 mm cross section and 50 mm length
Electrodes: Platinum
Thermocouple: S type
Voltage Resolution: 10 nV
Voltage Accuracy: Â± 1.2 Âµ V
Resistance Resolution: 1 Âµa
Resistance Accuracy: Â± 0.14 Âµa

Details

Used for measuring thermoelectric voltage and electrical resistivity.

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Seebeck and Resistance Measurement System

Sieverts apparatus

Model & Make

Advanced Materials Corporation, USA

Specifications

Temperature range: -260^oC to 500^oC with different sample holders
Automatic pressure range switching available between high and low pressure transducers : 0.001 to 200 bar

Details

Used to study the hydrogen absorption in metals, alloys and carbon based materials in the pressure range from vacuum to high pressure (200 bar) on multiple volumes to tackle a wide variety of applications. Designed to work on Powders, hydrogen storage materials, catalysts, on Fibers (carbon), on thin films , liquids etc. The software is Capable of executing automated processes for System preparation, sample preparation and 4 types of measurements (kinetics, PCT, Cycling kinetics and Cycling PCT). It has enhanced safety that includes flammable gas detection sensor for hydrogen and continuous monitoring of over temperature.

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Sieverts apparatus

Simultaneous Thermal Analyser (STA)

A) Model & Make

STA 449 Jupiter - Netzsch GmbH, Germany

Specifications

TG-DTA-DSC over the range Rt-1550^oC
Heating rate : 0.01 to 999^oC and isothermal between 0 and 99 h 59 min
Vacuum : 4 m bar
Sample mounting : Vertical
Temp Resolution : Â±0.1^oC
Temp accuracy : Â±0.5^oC
Data evaluation rate: 0.120/m to 1200/m (for heating rates 0.01^oC/m- 50^oC/m)
Sample volume : 0.3ml/0.085ml (DTA/DSC)
Cp: Cp calibration, Calculation and graphic representation, temperature dependent and curve comparison

Details

Measures TGA/DTA and DSC simultaneously from room temperature to 1400^o C.

In STA, the sample is subjected to a controlled temperature programme of heating where the change in mass, the absolute sample temperature and the difference in temperature of sample with a reference are measured simultaneously and monitored very accurately. With a proper calibration the heat flux to and from the sample can be calculated which in turn helps in determining the specific heat as a function of temperature. The specific heat of a material is an important thermodynamic parameter which helps to study and understand the mechanism of phase transitions etc.

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Centre for Carbon Materials

STA

Simultaneous Thermogravimetric Analyzer with DTA/DSC with Mass spectrometer

Model and Make:

Setaram-Setline, France

Specifications

Temperature range: RT…1600.C
Furnace type: Metallic, low thermal mass.
Microbalance: vertical and top loading design with symmetrical Beam force compensation
Balance capacity: 20g
TGA resolution: 0.02µg
DSC Temperature range: RT…1600 C
Low temperature range : -150 to 700 C
Mass spectrometer
Mass range: upto 300 AMU
Filament: Yttrium Iridium
Capillary: stainless steel
Detection limit : 1 ppm

Details

The instrument is useful in detecting the mass changes, phase changes, and evolved gases during heating. It can measure the Cp of the samples.

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Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Simultaneous Thermogravimetric Analyzer with DTA/DSC with Mass spectrometer

Sliding Wear Tribometer & Friction Monitor

Display and monitoring of wear and friction in sliding contacts
Dry or lubricated tests possible
Wide speed range ( 1 : 200 )
Wide stress range (1-300 N)

Sliding Wear Tribometer & Friction Monitor

Slurry Abrasion Tester

Slurry Mixer

Model & Make

Ross, USA

Specifications

Type : Duel-shaft vacuum mixer
Speed : Planetary blades 10-100 rpm; Disperser blades 0-7330 rpm
Options : Thermostat for mixing at different temperatures

Details

To prepare slurry for LIB electrodes by mixing active materials (cathode/anode) with binder and additive in N-Methyl Pyrrolidone (NMP)

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Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

slurry-mixer

Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS)

Model & Make

Xeuss 1.0, & Xenocs, France

Specifications

Dual energy Mo and Cr micro source, Camera length : 2400 mm, q range: 0.024 to 14 nm-1

Details

A laboratory small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) system with a dual energy (Mo and Cr) source has been designed with the aim of studying the heterogeneity in high-Z metallic structural materials such as steels (Fe alloy) and other materials. With the combination of Mo and Cr energies, various camera lengths (maximum of 2400 mm), and an area detector, three decades of q range has been achieved, from 0.024 to 14 nm-1. In real space, the probing periodic distance is a maximum of 261 nm. In addition to having Mo and Cr sources, a flexible sample mounting stage permits measurements on a wide range of materials in transmission geometry. More details about instrument can be found at "A multi-functional dual-energy laboratory Mo-Cr-SAXS system" J. Appl. Cryst. (2015). 48, 2040-2043
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600576715018804
http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?S1600576715018804

Centre

Centre for Materials Characterization and Testing (CMCT)

Incharge

Dr. K. Suresh

Small angle xray scattering (SAXS)

SOFC Test Bench

Model & Make

SMART 2 Dolphin; WonATech, South Korea.

Specifications

Capable of accommodating 4 types of anode gases , electrical furnace which can go up to 1000^oc, removable and split type, bubble type humidifier, electronic load up to 50 watts.

Details

Fully automated test bench is used for evaluating planar type SOFC cells of 25 mm dia with provision for compressive loads, measurement of i-v characteristics in combination with EIS studies. The instrument has safety features for hydrogen detection, low water level, and high temperature alarm, emergency stop etc., The instrument comes with dedicated software to study the SOFC single cell performance, electrochemical measurements and EIS studies.

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Centre for Fuel Cell Technology

SOFC test bench

Solar Cell Tester

Model & Make

94123A; Oriel Instruments

Specifications

Solar simulator capable of producing highly collimated solar spectrum over the area of 300mm x 300mm at 1 sun intensity.

Details

Solar cell tester comprises of Class AAA solar simulator , Temperature controlled sample stage and I-V test station installed on vibration-free work table. Photovoltaic performance of various laboratory size solar cells and prototype modules could be accurately measured as per IEC, ASTM and JIS standards

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Centre for Solar Energy Materials

Source meter

A) Model & Make

2461 Keithley & Tektronix

Details

It is a high precision instrument for high-current source meter and source measurement unit (SMU) with advanced Touch and Test facilities. It has graphical user interface (GUI) which enables the scientist/student to analyze and understand faster and work smarter.

Features

Precision power supply with V and I read back
True current source
Digital multimeter (DCV, DC), ohms, and power with 6 1/2 -digit resolution
Precision electronic load
Pulse generator
Trigger controller
Voltage capability - Minimum (+ -) 100 nV and Maximum (+ -) 100 V
Current capability - Minimum (+ -) 1 pA and Maximum (+ -) 10 A
Max Pulse Current – 10 A
DC/Pulse Power – 100W/1000W
Digitizers – Dual 18-bit 1MS/s
Wideband Noise - <4.5 mVrms type
Sweep Types – Linear, Log, Dual Linear, Dual Log, Custom
Reading Buffer Size - >2 Million Point
Programming Command Type – SCPI Programming + TSP Scripting
PC Interface – GPIB, USB, Ethernet (LXI)
Signal Input Connections –Front: Banana Jacks, Rear: Mass Screw Terminal Connection

Applications

Solar cells and Panels, LEDs testing, Electrochemical cells and batteries testing, Sensors I-V testing and so on

Centre

Centre for Carbon Materials

Keithley

SP300 single-channel Potentiostat

Model & Make

SP300, Biologic

Specifications

Voltage

Compliance: ±12 V ; ±49 V with 1A/48V booster
Control voltage: ± 10 V ; ±48 V with 1A/48V booster
Voltage resolution: 1 µV on 60 mV range

Current

Current ranges: 500 mA to 10 nA (standard); down to 1 pA (Ultra Low Current)

EIS

Frequency range: 7 MHz (3%, 3°) down to 10 µHz; 3 MHz (1%, 1°)

Details

Portable potentiostat, used for measuring charge-discharge and impedance characteristics of in-situ lithium-ion cells.

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Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Spot Welding

Model & Make

MTI, USA

Specifications

Working Voltage: 208-240 AC, 50-60 Hz
Output Power: 10 KW
Tab Thickness: 0.03-0.5 mm

Details

To connect batteries in series/parallel

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Spot-Welding

Stylus profilometer

Model & Make

DektakXT, Bruker

Specifications

Measurement Technique: Stylus profilometry (contact measurement)
Measurement Capability: Two-dimensional surface profile measurements; three-dimensional measurement/analysis
Stylus Force: 1 to 15 mg with LIS 3
Stylus Options: Stylus radius options (50 nm and 2 μm)
Scan Length Range: minimum 1 to Maximum 200 mm
Max. Sample Thickness: 50 mm

Details

Stylus profilometer used for measuring thin film thickness, 3D-Mapping, stress, and surface roughness for different applications.

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Centre for Solar Energy Materials

Figure 4. Stylus Profilometer

Sub Sieve Analyzer

Model & Make

95, Fisher Scientific

Specifications

Measures average particle size in the 0.2 to 50 Âµm range
Liquid level of flowmeter-manometer corresponds directly to particle size
Systematic reduction of variables has enhanced the accuracy and simplicity of the method
Sample Pressure Calibrator helps achieve reproducible sample compaction and compliance with ASTM B 330-88

Details

Used for particle size analysis

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Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Sub Sieve Analyzer

Supercapacitor Testing Station

Model No & Make :

PARSTAT 2000 & Advanced Measurement Technology INC, USA

Key Features

Advanced Measurement Technology INC, is a multi-channel testing system designed for R& D and production of supercapacitors, batteries and other electrochemical energy storage devices. Each channel operates independently of each other enabling users to run tests on multiple devices at the same time.

The features of Advanced Measurement Technology INC, are (i) completely independent channels allow users to run multiple independent tests simultaneously without affecting the other channels, (ii) accuracy up to 0.02% for low power and 0.05% for high power applications, (iii) Potentiostatic/Galvanostatic stations fine-tuned for battery Research & Development, and (iv) High capacity current boosters (20A) are available to test the commercial supercapcitor devices.

Specifications

Serial No: PMC CHS08A
Dimensions (W xL xH, inch): 14 x30 x25
Channels: 24 Nos.
Current range: -2 A ~ 5nA
Voltage Range: 0 V ~ 10 V
Frequency range: 10 µHz- 7 MHz

Surface and Contour Measuring Machine

Model

ZEISS ACCRETECH SURFCOM NEX 031 SD-14

Brief Technical specifications

Resolution-X: 0,016μm ,Z (Roughness): 0,1nm/+-3,2μm range up to 20nm/+ 500μm range ,Resolution-Z (Contour): 0,04μm
Length deviation-X: +-(1,0 + 0,01L) μm ,Z (Contour): +-(1,5 + 2H/100) μm
Straightness-X: 0,05 + 0,001L μm
Touch direction 1: Touch direction above, Touch direction 2: Touch direction below, exclusively with contour stylus tip
Measuring direction: pull/push, exclusively contour
Temperature compensation/progressive feed: 20°C +- 5°C

ZEISS ACCRETECH SURFCOM NEX 031 capabilities

This machine capable of hybrid, roughness, contour, surface topography and combined functions.
The SURFCOM NEX series allows you to select detectors by application.
Detectors can be used as a single detector or combined with others to serve as multiple sensors.
Temperature correction system provides you the accuracy guaranteed temperature range to 20°C ± 5°C
Quick-change arm with attachment recognition sensors.
Z-axis measurement range expanded to 60 mm (±30 mm).
T-shaped stylus for continuous upward/downward measurement.
Safety mechanism against detector collision

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Centre for Engineered Coatings

Surface Area and Porosity Analyzer

Model & Make

ASAP 2020

Details

Surface area and porosity are two important physical properties of the nanopowders that can be measured by this method. The equipment works on gas absorption principle therefore, it is very effective tool to study the surface morphology of the materials. Surface area (as low as 0.05m₂/g) can be measured. It can measure adsorption and desorption isotherms to determine the shape of pores. It is possible to carryout measurements using adsorbates such as N₂, Ar, CO₂ and Kr selectively and also capable of measuring Langmuir surface area and pore size distribution. Volume, area, total pore volume and pore size in the range 0.35 to 500nm can be determined.

Centre

Centre for Nanomaterials

Surface Area and Porosity Analyzer

Swagelok Cell

Model and Make

Panama, India

Specifications

Used for battery material testing like as coin cells
The machine operates with pneumatic control.
Testing will be carried out in Swagelok cell with variable diameters like 12 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm and 16 mm etc maintaining a good contact of all parts like as coin cells.
Reusable after cleaning unlike coin cells.

Details

It is used to carry out electrochemical studies of electrodes like cathodes (NMC, LFP etc.) and anode (Graphite, LTO etc) material in half cell and full cell level.

Centre

Centre for Nanomaterials

Swagelok Cell

Table Top Nano Hardness Tester (NHT)

Model & Make

NHT, CSM Instruments

Specifications

Range of Low Loads : 5 mN to 500 mN

Details

Nano Hardness Tester is used for measuring hardness and elastic modulus of thin films and thick coatings. The conventional nano indenter systems in general requires prolonged times for attaining thermal stability while the NHT system being equipped with a reference ring around the indenter such that the thermal vibrations are balanced and the measurements could be started almost instantaneously. By means of employing low loads, it is possible to eliminate substrate effects while measuring hardness / modulus of thin samples (films). Knowing the shape of the indenter used (Vickers, Berkovich, spherical, etc.) and the depth to which the indenter has penetrated into the sample, the area of the indent is calculated and hardness is calculated. Also since load-displacement curves are measured, the elastic modulus can also be calculated. The system is equipped with a continuous stiffness measurement (CSM) module and is capable of giving the hardness / modulus as a function of penetration depth.

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Centre for Material Characterization and Testing

Table Top Nano Indenter

TEM Sample Preparation Equipment

Disc Punch and Ultrasonic Disc Cutter
Dimpler Grinder
Ion Milling and Electrochemical Polishing
Electropolishing Unit

Tenma 72-13200 Programmable DC Electronic Load

120V, 0-30A, 150W and 300W
Dynamic mode: up to 10 kHz
Resolution of voltage and current: 0.1mV/0.1mA
4 working modes: CV/CC/CR/CW
Remote sensing function
Battery test, automatic test, OPP test, OCP test functions
100 sets of storage
Short circuit function
Current monitoring function
Power off memory function
Interfaces: USB, RS232 and LAN

Tensile Creep Testing Facility

Make :

Applied Test Systems Butler, PA 16002 USA

Model:

2320-MM-230 and 2320-SRM-230; WinCCS software

Specifications:

Max. Load : 53.4KN, Max. Temp. -1000oC
Loading Type : Constant load and Constant stress

Centre:

Centre for Engineered Coatings (CEC)

Tensiometer and contact angle measurement system

Contact angle meter:

Contact angle measurement (0°-180°; ± 0.01° resolution) with of sliding angle facility
Density of Liquid (range for densities: 0.50-2.50 g/cm3; ± 0.002 g/cm3 resolution
sedimentation and penetration rate

Automatic surface tensiometer:

Measurement method: Wilhelmy Plate method and du Nouy Ring method
Measurement range 0 - 100 mN/m
Resolution 0.01 mN/m
Stage speed, Stroke: 0.1 - 1.0 mm/s, Stroke 48mm
Software Standard: Surface/interfacial tension, Lamella length, Liquid density

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Centre for Solar Energy Materials

Thermal Constants Analyser

Model & Make

Hot Disk TPS 2500S, Sweden; .

Specifications

Temperature Range: 30K to 573K using Kapton insulated Disk elements.
573 K to 1273 K using Disk elements insulated with Mica.
Radius of Disk Spiral: 0.492 mm to 29.40 mm.
Sensor Material: The double spiral is made of Nickel.
Sample Size: Depends on the diameter of the disk elements and the material under study. Minimum size is a sample piece of diameter/thickness 1.5 - 2mm.
Thermal Conductivity Range: 0.005W/mK to 1800 W/m K.

Details

Used for measuring thermal constants like thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat.

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Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Thermal Constants Analyser

Thermo Mechanical Analysis (TMA)

Details

Measures sample dimensional changes under conditions of controlled temperature, time, force, and atmosphere.

Offers all the major deformation modes necessary to characterize a wide range of materials such as solids, foams, films, and fibers. These include expansion, penetration, compression, tension, and 3-point bending.

Measures material deformation changes under controlled conditions of force, atmosphere, time and temperature. Force can be applied in compression, flexural, or tensile modes of deformation using specially designed probes.

Measures intrinsic material properties (e.g., expansion coefficient, glass transition, Young's modulus), plus processing/ product performance parameters (e.g., softening points).

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Centre for Carbon Materials

THERMOELECTRIC GENERAATOR TEST RIG

Model & Make

In-house design and built

Specifications

Suitable for testing thermoelectric generator with 40-60 modules
Heat source – Temperature, Flow Rate of the hot air medium can be varied independently.
Cold side temperature can be controlled
Open circuit voltage (Voc), Voltage-Current (V-I), Power-Current (P-I), Internal Resistance (Rint.) of the individual modules can be evaluated during testing.
Thermal cycling of the modules possible

Details

Design and fabricated for automotive exhaust heat conversion application

Hot side up to 350°C, cold side force cooling used chilled water.

Suitable for rigid TE modules.

Individual modules' electrical characteristics can be assessed.

Centre

Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

THERMOELECTRIC GENERAATOR TEST RIG

Thermogravimetry Analyser with Mass Spectrometer

Model & Make

STA 4497,QMS403C; NETZSCH, Germany

Specifications

Capable of loading up to 2g
Maximum temperature of 1000C with heating rates from 0.1 to 80K
Controller for data acquisition, temperature and gas flow control.

Details

It consists of a vacuum-tight thermo micro balance system, microprocessor-controlled, with integrated calibration weight, with water-cooled heater, exchangeable sample carrier including radiation shield, programmable gas flow for 3 gases and integrated heating power supply, automated lid lifting device (prepared autovac for automated vacuum generation/ventilation). This instrument comes with QMS coupling for evolved gas analysis from 1-300 amu and a processing module of the Aeolos software (as of version 7.02), enabling a triggered start and stop as well as the transfer of the temperature signal into the Aeolos software for programming and control. unit for data acquisition and processor of max. 64 measuring channels (mass and mass range resp.)

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Centre for Fuel Cell Technology

Thermogravimetry Analyser with Mass Spectrometer

Thin Film Analyzer

Model & Make

F20, Filmetrics Inc., USA

Specifications

Thickness range : 15 nm to 50 Âµm
Accuracy : 1 nm
Precision : 0.1 nm
Stability : 0.07 nm
Wavelength : 400 to 1000 nm

Details:

The thin film analyzer works based on the intensity measurement of reflecting and transmitting light through the sample. Hence, thickness of only transparent coatings can be measured, though the substrates can be of transparent or non-transparent nature. There are possibilities of using a contact or a non-contact probe depending upon the nature of film and the substrate.

Centre:

Centre for Sol-Gel Coatings

Thin Film Analyzer

Titrator

Model & Make

848 Titrino Plus, Metrohm, Switzerland

Specifications

Mode: Volumetric
Measuring Cycle: 100 ms
Resolution: 0.1 mV
Resolution: 10000 steps per cylinder volume

Details

To perform dynamic (DET), monotonic (MET) and set end point (SET) titration

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Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Titrator

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

Make and Model

TecnaiG2, FEI

Specifications and features

excitation voltage : 200kV
electron source : LaB6
S-twin objective lens
Magnification range: 25X to 1000K X
5 axis compu-stage, α: ± 40, β: ± 30 deg
Resolution, Point: 0.24 nm, Line : 0.14 nm
EDAX EDS spectrometer for chemical analysis
Gatan Image Filter for elemental analysis and mapping

Details

This instrument is used for studying samples at very high magnifications (> 500000X) in transmission. Samples of 3mm diameter are prepared such that the thickness at the centre is 200 nm or less so that electron transparency can be achieved. The incident electron beam can be accelerated to 200 kV and on passing through the sample, several interactions take place. The transmitted beam is then used for imaging and also electron diffraction studies. The system is equipped with an LaB6 filament providing a high beam current and long filament life. The unit has EDS and Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy attachments, both of which are techniques for elemental analysis. In the later technique, the energy lost by the incident beam on passing through the sample is measured and thus elemental information can be obtained.

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Centre for Material Characterization and Testing

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

Two channel Digital Storage Oscilloscope

TDS 2022
TDS 2012

Ultra Pure Water System

Model & Make

Thermo Scientific, Smart2Pure, Germany

Specifications

Conductivity: 0.055 ÂµS/cm
Resistance: 18.2 Mâ„¦.cm at 25^oC
Tank Capacity: 60 Litre

Details

Ultrapure water which is free of particles, salts and organic compounds can be used for highly sensitive synthesis.

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Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Ultrasonic Cleaner

Model & Make

Telsonic AG, Switzerland

Specifications

Operating Frequency: 30 Khz
Heating: Upto 80^oC
Max. Time: 99 mins
Tank Capacity: 12 L

Details

For ultrasonic cleaning of metallic substrates and dispersing powders into liquid

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Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Ultrasonic Cleaner

Ultrasonicator

Details

This unit is selected for use during the process of making fuel cell electrodes when the catalyst ink and carbon ink have to be kept agitated and the particles are expected to be in the suspended state rather than settling down at the bottom.

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Centre for Fuel Cell Technology

Ultrasonicator

Universal Testing Machine

A. Specifications

Load applied on test piece: upto 150 kN

Details

This unit is used to study the mechanical properties of materials under tension and compression. The sample to be tested is gripped between the lower fixture of the unit and the upper crosshead and the desired load is applied. The computer interface measures the crosshead movement and the extension/compression of the sample. The unit is equipped with a video extensometer so that the change in dimension of the sample can be measured without any sensors coming in contact with the sample. Extra ports are available for additional devices such as an ultrasonic detector to study grain boundary migration.

B. Model & Make: KUT-40

Specifications

Machine load capacity: 0-40 tonne
Minimum graduations: 10-100Kgf with margin of error Â±1%

Details

Universal Testing machine is for conducting tests like tension, compression, bending, etc., on metals and other materials. The machine is electrically driven and specimen loading is achieved hydraulically. The machine is equipped with pendulum dynamometer recording device for registering load-deformation diagram.

Universal Testing Machine For Bond Strength Measurement of Thermal Spray Coatings

Model and Make

BWDT-50Y; BANBROS, INDIA

Details

Universal tensile testing machine with a load capacity of 50kN was installed and commissioned at the centre for engineered coatings. The primary objective is to measure bond strength or adhesion strength of thermal spray coatings as per C633 standard. Sample dimension needs be as per the standard i.e., 1 inch diameter with further details in the standard. The test utilises a glue/tape that has a adhesive strength of ~70 MPa.

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Centre for Engineered coatings

UV - Curing system

Model & Make

Conveyorised 3 Lamp UV Curing System, Advance Curing Systems, Bangalore

Specifications

Light source : Medium Pressure Hg Quartz Lamps
Power : 300 W/inches (each lamp)
Curing width : 1000 mm (Max)
Belt speed : 0.5 to 15 m/min
Component Height : 25 mm
Cooling : Centrifugal Blowers
Mode : Auto and manual

Details

The main advantage of use of organic-inorganic hybrid coating systems is the use of low temperature radiation assisted curing for densification of coatings. The importance of ultraviolet (UV) curing especially realized when functional coatings like scratch resistant coatings, antireflective coatings etc. need to be cured on temperature sensitive transparent plastic substrates like polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polycarbonate (PC). The unit is conveyorised having three lamps emitting UV radiation. The power of each UV lamp can be controlled individually. The centrifugal blowers attached to each lamp help to cool the substrate and remove the volatile organic by-products upon UV irradiation. A part of the equipment (substrate feed in) is placed inside the clean room and the lamps along with the hoods are placed outside the clean room. The conveyor belt is capable of an automated reverse motion, so that once curing has been completed during the forward motion of the belt, the cured substrate is brought back into the clean room due to the reverse motion of the conveyor belt.

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Centre for Sol-Gel Coatings

UV Curing system

uv-curing-system-Inside-clean-room

UV lamp

Model and Make

Omnicure S1000, Lumen Dynamics, Canada

Specifications

100 Watt UV light source with wavelength range 320 - 500 nm and intensity (power) adjustment facility.

Details

High-pressure Mercury vapour lamp as UV source; Electronic shutter with interlock; 999 second automatic timer; Fiber optic waveguide. Used for Photo-electrochemical water splitting experiments and UV assisted graphene synthesis.

UV-Vis NIR Spectrometer

Specifications

Wavelength : 200 to 3600 nm (300 to 2400 nm for integrating sphere)
Make and model: Shimadzu, Japan UV-3600 Plus

Details

UV/Vis spectroscopy is mainly used in quantitative analysis in analytical chemistry. In the field of material science predominantly used to study the optical properties of materials, such as absorption, transmittance and reflectance of the developing material. Some extend it is used to estimate the energy band gap of semi-conductors. The samples can be finely divided powders, low concentration solutions and solids or thin films.

Contact person – Dr K Murugan, murugan@arci.res.in

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Centre for Sol-Gel Coatings

UV-Vis NIR Spectrometer

UV-Vis spectrometer

Model and Make

Ocean Optics, Germany (GmbH)

Specifications

DT-MINI-2GS as UV-VIS-NIR light source with USB 2000 detector

Details

Equipped with Fibre optic waveguide; used for optical absorption, transmission spectroscopy for liquid and thin film samples on glass substrate

UV-Vis-NIR Spectrophotometer

Model & Make

Cary 5000, Varian Inc., US

Specifications

The wavelength range: 190-3300 nm
Maximum scan rate: 2000 (UV-Vis) and 8000 (NIR)
Possible measurements: Transmittance, reflectance (specular, diffuse and total) and absorptance of solids, films, powers and liquids.
Accessories: Specular and DRS (integrating sphere), Transmittance mode for liquid and solid samples
Sample size: Min diameter: 12mm and Max diameter: 100mm

Special Accessory

Universal measurement accessory (UMA)

Specifications:

Measurement modes: Absolute specular reflection at variable angle from 5–85° in 0.02° intervals, Direct transmission and variable angle transmission from 0–90° in 0.02° intervals, Diffuse scattering, reflection or transmission through independent sample rotation (360°) and detector positioning between 10–350° at 0.02° in intervals.
Wavelength range: 190–2800 nm
Auto polarizer wavelength range: 250–2500 nm
Sample size: Diameter: minimum 5 to 250 mm maximum
Apertures: Incident beam: 1, 2 and 3 degrees, Detector: 1, 1.8, 2, 3, 4, 4.4, 5 and 6°

Details

The equipment enables all the optical characterisations (Transmittance, absorptance and reflectance (specular, diffuse and total)) of all sort of solar energy materials and coatings as well as all the basic characterisations of chemical compounds and the determination of their concentration. It is widely applied in solar PV, Solar thermal, optics, environment analysis and investigation of chemical and photochemical reactions.

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Centre for Solar Energy Materials

Figure 1. UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer

UV-Visible Spectrophotometer

Model & Make

Perkin Elmer Lamda 650 UV/VIS spectrophotometer

Specifications

Wavelength range: 175 to 900 nm
Lamps: deuterium lamp and tungsten iodine lamp
Fully PC controlled equipment
Scanning speeds: 10-300 nm/min

Details:

UV visible spectroscopy enables the characterization of functional groups in a molecule as well as the determination of their concentration. It is widely applied in environment analysis, purity assessment and investigation of chemical reactions. The equipment is capable of measuring both solid (i.e. nano silver, TiO₂, ZnO) and liquid samples (i.e nanopowder suspension)

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Centre for Nanomaterials

Vibrating Sample Magnetometer

Model & Make

EZ9;Microsense Inc. USA

Specifications

Maximum Field 22.5 kOe, with a field resolution of 1 mOe
Temperature range 77 to 1000 K
Dynamic magnetic moment measuring range 0.1 to 100 emuc
Magnetoresistance measurements.

Details

Used for measuring magnetic properties like Magentic moment, coercivity and curie temperature of materials

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Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Vibrating Sample Magnetometer

Viscometer

Model & Make

ViscoLab 4100, Cambridge Applied Systems, Inc

Specifications

Viscosity : 0.2 to 10,000 centipoise
Minimum sample required : less than 2 ml of fluid
Operation temperature : -40 - 90^oC
pH of the fluid : 2.5 - 11
Time required per sample: 30 minutes

Details

The vibrational viscometer, has been used to study rheological behaviour of ceramic powder suspensions. The principle of measurement of viscosity in a vibrational viscometer is based on damping of an oscillating electromechanical resonator immersed in a fluid whose viscosity is to be determined.

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Centre for Sol-gel Coatings

Viscometer

Weathering Resistance Measurement System

Model & Make

Xenon test chamber model XE-3-HBS, Q-Lab Corporation, USA

Specifications

Number of xenon lamps: 3
Possible temperature range of test chamber: 25-110^oC
Range of relative humidity control : 10-95%
Appropriate filters available for simulation of solar radiation behind window glass as well as for outdoor solar radiation

Details

The xenon test chamber is a laboratory testing facility to evaluate the product durability for indoor as well as outdoor conditions by exposing the product to simulated weather conditions. This accelerated testing facility has mostly been used in development and durability evaluation of paints/coatings for corrosion protection, anti-reflective, anti-tarnishing application as well as in the evaluation of the UV/weather resistance of polymer products/coatings.. The Q-SUN tester's user interÂface is designed to be functional, highly reliable and easy to use. Xenon arc lamps produce the most realistic reproduction of the full specÂtrum of solar radiation. The humidity and temperature corresponding to varying weather conditions can also be simulated accurately.

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Centre for Sol-Gel Coatings

Weathering resistance measurement system

Winding Machine

Model & Make

KEMAT, Italy

Specifications

Electrode Tension: Dancing Roller
Alignment: Photoelectric Sensor
Separator Width : 40-180mm
Electrode Width : 40-180mm
Length : roll
Mandrel : Adjustable for cylindrical and prismatic
Speed : 0-150 rpm
Separator Tension: Adjustable
Electrode Tension: By 3 nip-rolls, springs are adjustable

Details

To assemble cell (cylindrical & prismatic) the positive and the negative electrodes are wound together with the interposed separator to form a jelly roll

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Centre for Automotive Energy Materials

Winding Machine

workstation Biologic

A) Model & Make

BCS-805, Bio-Logic Science Instruments

Specifications

Number of Channels: 08 Nos.
Current range: 5: 100mA down to 10μA
Voltage Range: 0 V ~ 10 V
Acquisition time: 2ms
EIS range : 10 kHz to 10mHz
Power consumption: 60 W

Details

Bio Logic Instruments BCS-805 is a multi-channel testing system designed for R& D and production of batteries and other electrochemical energy storage devices. Each channel operates independently of each other enabling users to run tests on multiple batteries at the same time.

Applications: Battery & Intercalation Compounds, Battery Cycling, Capacitor and supercapacitor, EIS

Centre

Centre for Carbon Materials

BCS-805 Battery Testing unit

X Ray Diffraction

Model & Make

D8 Advance, Bruker

Details

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is one of the basic tools for material characterisation and is used to obtain structural information on an atomic scale from both crystalline and non-crystalline (amorphous) materials. XRD is a non-destructive technique and can be successfully applied to determine crystal structures of various types of materials such as metals, alloys, ceramics and inorganic compounds, in both the bulk and thin-film/coating forms. XRD also can be applied to obtain structural information such as crystallite size, lattice strain and crystal orientation. The X-ray diffractometer is a versatile instrument for phase and structural analysis of metals, powders and thin-films. The unit at ARCI is equipped with a Cu source and a high speed 1D Lynx Eye detector mounted on a vertical goniometer. This XRD machine can be used to carry out angular dispersive scans with 2 from 5 to 160 deg. and an angular resolution of 0.002 deg. Specially designed sample holders are available for mounting of solid samples with different thicknesses and powder samples on a horizontal spinning (omega) sample stage. For regular powders and other bulk specimens, XRD profiles acquired in (symmetric) geometry, whereas for the thin films and coatings, these profiles are obtained using what is called as grazing incidence XRD (GI-XRD).

Centre

Centre for Material Characterization and Testing

X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometer

X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF)

Model & Make

FISCHERSCOPE X-RAY XDV-SDD; Helmut Fischer, Switzerland

Application

Characterization of thin films

Details

X-ray fluorescence spectrometer with a programmable X/Y-stage and Z-axis for automated measurements of very thin coatings and for trace analysis. With its fast, programmable X/Y-stage, it is the fitting measuring instrument for automated sample measurements by mapping on the area of 250 mm x 250 mm. Using XRF spectrometer it is possible to detect up to 24 elements in a range from aluminum (13) to uranium (92) simultaneously.

As the film thickness, uniformity and composition is very crucial at various stages of the CIGS thin film fabrication process, XRF spectrometer is being used for the analysis of thickness and uniformity of various films e.g. Mo, CuGa, In, ZnO, AZO being coated during the thin film fabrication process and for composition of CIGS and CdS.

Centre

Centre for Solar Energy Materials

X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF)

X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)

Model & Make

Omicron Nano Technology, UK

Details

The instrument has the capabilities of depth profiling by Ar ion etching, Imaging XPS, Auger photoelectron spectroscopy (static and scanning modes), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Sample heating (upto 100^oC) and cooling (liq N₂ temp.). The technique being surface sensitive, it is very useful to characterize nanomaterials including, powders and thin films.

Centre

Centre for Nanomaterials

X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)

Zeta 20 3D Optical Profiler

Model and Make

Zeta 20 3D Optical Profiler, ZETA Instruments.

Specifications

5x, 20x,100x standard objective magnifications are available.
ZDot innovative 3D imaging is standard in optical profilers. The ZDot technology with unique transmissive and dark field illumination schemes as well as a variety of objectives allows the tool to handle the most ‘difficult’ of surfaces.
ZIC enhanced differentials interference contrast imaging is great for nano- meter level surface Roughness.
ZSI shearing interferometer provides Angstrom level vertical resolution.
ZX5 vertical scanning interferometry is ideal for measuring nanometer heights to over large field of view
ZFT reflectometry based thin film thickness measurement option.

Details

The Zeta-20 Optical Microscope is a fully integrated microscope based system that provides 3D imaging and metrology capability in a small, robust and cost effective package. Based on proprietary technology, the Zeta-20 images and analyses the surface features on samples of all smooth to rough, low reflectivity to high reflectivity, transparent to opaque.

Zeta 20 3D optical Profiler

Zeta Meter

Model & Make

ZETA READER Mark 21, Malvern Ltd UK

Specifications

Sample size : 25 ml. minimum
Operation temperature range : 0 to 60^o
Sspecific conductance : 10 to 25k micro s / cm.
Suspension medium : Aqueous media only
Voltage requirements : 110 or 220 vac, 50/60 hz.
Zeta potential range : -200 to +200 millivolts
Bright field particle resolution: 1 to 500 microns
Dark field particle resolution : 20 nanometers and larger

Details

Zeta potential of the particle is calculated using the Henry's equation by calculating the electrophoretic mobilityof a particle in an electric field through the following equation is: UE =2 z f (ka)/3h z :Zeta potential,UE :Electrophoretic mobility, :Dielectric constant, :Viscosity, f(ka) Henrys function

Centre

Centre for Advanced Ceramic Materials

Zeta Potential Analyzer

Model & Make

Zeta-Meter 3.0+ Unit, Serial No. ZM3-577 ; Zeta-Meter Inc, USA

Specifications

Zeta potential measurement range : -125 to +125 millivolts
Sample volume : 20 ml (min.),
pH range : pH 2.5- pH 11
Viscosity range : sample must be aqueous
Temperature range : 5-750^oC
Particle size range : optimal is 0.5 mm to about 10 mm.
Time required for one sample : 15 minutes
Concentration range of slurry : 10-mg/litre to 80 wt % solid containing slurry.

Details

Zeta potential is one of the most important parameter in colloidal processing of ceramic powder. Zeta potential indicates the degree of repulsion between adjacent, similarly charged powder particles in a suspension. A high zeta potential will confer stability, i.e. the solution or dispersion will resist aggregation. The center has one zeta potential analyzer, based on electrokinetic phenomena of the charged particles when an electric field is applied across the dispersion

Centre

Centre for Advanced Ceramic Materials

Zetasizer

Model & Make

Nano ZS90 (green laser), Malvern Ltd UK

Specifications

Size range for Particle size analysis: 1nm to 3 nm (diameter)
size range for Zeta potential: 5nm to 10 nm (diameter)

Details

Properties that can be measured by Zetasizer are (1) Particle Size and (2) Zeta potential measurements.
Particle size analysis- The Zetasizer system determines the size by first measuring the Brownian motion of the particles in a sample using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and relates this to the size of the particle. Brownian motion is the movement of particles due to the random collision with the molecules of the liquid that surrounds the particle. An important feature of Brownian motion for DLS is that small particles move quickly and large particles move more slowly. The relation between the size of the particle and its speed due to Brownian motion is defined in the Stokes-Einstein equation.
Zeta potential measurements- Zetasizer calculates the zeta potential by determining the electrophoretic mobility and then applying the Henry equation. The electrophoretic mobility is obtained by performing an electrophoresis experiment on the sample and measuring the velocity of the particles using Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV).

Facilities

Characterization

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3 channel potentiostat/ Galvanostat with RRDE

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Ac/Dc Soft/Hard B-H Loop Tracer

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Accelerated Rate Calorimeter (ARC)

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Accelerated surface area pore analyser

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Arc Melting Unit

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Attenuated Total reflectance (ATR) facility

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Battery Test Equipment

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Battery Testing Equipment

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Calendering Machine

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Calo Tester

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Capillary flow porometry