Centre for Nanomaterials (CNM)
Spark Plasma Sintering
Model & Make
SCM 1050, Sumitomo Coal Mining Co, Ltd Japan
Specifications
- Current: upto 5 kA
- Voltage: upto 10V
- Load: 100 kN
- Campact size: 30 mm dia max.
- Vacuum level: upto 6 Pa
- Molds: graphite
Details
The spark plasma sintering (SPS) process is the most advanced form of sintering where it is possible to retain submicron structures at low sintering temperatures and short times. The difference between SPS and other sintering methods has ramifications in process efficiency and energy savings as well as microstructural and compositional implications. These beneficial effects have been largely attributed to a) the higher heating rates, b) imposition of an electric field and c) applied stress during sintering.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Flame Spray Pyrolysis
Model No & Make
Custom made, Friedli AG, Switzerland
Details
Flame spray pyrolysis is the process where the formation of nanoparticles happen by conversion of liquid precursor in a flame and subsequent collision and sintering of reaction products in the high temperature environment. Liquid precursors that can be used in the flame spray process are metal nitrate solutions, metal salts of carboxylic acids or organometallic compounds to produce oxide, complex oxides and nobel metal supported oxides nanopowders.
The process has the following advantages:
- Broad range of product materials,
- Multi-component particles,
- High purity powders,
- Thermally stable powders,
- Environmentally friendly process,
- Short process chain,
- Standard equipment and materials
- Low cost energy source.
- Production rate ~1 kg/h
100 Tonne Spark Plasma Sintering
Model No & Make
Model: SPS-7.40MK-VI, Fuji Electronic Industrial Co. Ltd, JapanKey Features (purpose / Advantage of using the equipment)
The spark plasma sintering (SPS) process is the most advanced form of sintering where it is possible to retain submicron structures at low sintering temperatures and short times. The difference between SPS and other sintering methods has ramifications in process efficiency and energy savings as well as microstructural and compositional implications. These beneficial effects have been largely attributed to a) the higher heating rates, b) imposition of an electric field and c) applied stress during sintering.Specifications
- Current: upto 15 kA,
- Voltage: upto 10V
- Load: 1000 kN
- Campact size: 100 mm dia max.
- Vacuum level: upto 6 x 10-5 mbar
- Molds: graphite
Carbon-Sulphur Analyzer
Model and Make
- CS - 444, LECO, USA
Specifications
- HF-400 induction furnace (18 MHz, 2,2 kW) for CO2/SO2 conversion
- Measured carbon in the range 0 to 0.5 %,
- Measures sulphur in the range 0 to 0.35 %
Details
Carbon/Sulphur system is a microprocessor based software driven instrument for wide range measurement of Carbon and Sulphur content of metals, ores, ceramics and other inorganic materials. It uses HF-400 induction furnace (18 MHz, 2,2 kW) for CO2/SO2 conversion. It works on the principle of infrared absorption of CO2 and SO2.
Calendaring machine
Model and Make
- GN HR200, Gelon LIB Co Ltd. China.
Specifications
- Roller size: 96 mm dia,
- Roller width: 200mm
- Roller surface max. temperature: 130 oC
- Calendaring thickness: 0-2 mm, Adjustable
Details
The calendaring is an important step in the cell fabrication. The dried electrode foils after the coating have to be pressed using a calendaring machine to get desired porosity of the electrode. The gap between the rollers can be adjusted to a desired thickness.
Pressure Synthesis Reactor
Model and Make
- Custom designed and fabricated
Details
Reactor can be operated under vacuum (10-3 torr) as well as under positive pressure of up to 10 bar of argon, nitrogen, hydrogen and hydrogen disulphide at a maximum temperature of 1000-degree C. The reactor can be used for elevated temperature processing (synthesis/deposition) of corrosive materials or under corrosive environment. The reactor has the provision for fast cooling as well as fast scrubbing of the effluent gases.
Planetary vacuum mixer machine
Model and Make
- Dual shaft planetary mixer, Gelon LIB Co Ltd. China.
Specifications
- Rotary Speed: 0-800 rpm
- Mixing Container: 150 ml, 500 ml
- Mixing blades: Biaxial planetary stirring
Details
The slurry for lithium-ion battery/supercapacitor electrode coating is prepared by mixing Active electrode material, conductive carbon black and a polymer binder in a planetary vacuum mixer to achieve viscous homogenous slurry.
Slitting machine
Model and Make
- TOB FT500, Xiamen TOB New Energy Technology Co Ltd. China.
Specifications
- Slitting width: 20-500 mm
- Slitting mode: single knife hobbing
- Slitting thickness: max. 300 microns
Details
The dried and calendared electrode foils are slit into desired width and length based on the cell dimensions to make jelly rolls for lithium-ion battery/supercapacitor cell fabrication.
Ultrasonic welding machine
Model and Make
- TOB USW 2600W, Xiamen TOB New Energy Technology Co Ltd. China.
Specifications
- Frequency: 24 KHZ
- Max. output power: 2600W
- Welding heads for Al and Cu
Details
The ultrasonic welding machine is used to weld single layer/multi-layer electrode stacks together along with terminal Al/Ni tab connections in pouch type/cylindrical lithium-ion battery cell fabrication.
Supercapacitor Testing Station
Model No & Make :
PARSTAT 2000 & Advanced Measurement Technology INC, USA
Key Features
Advanced Measurement Technology INC, is a multi-channel testing system designed for R& D and production of supercapacitors, batteries and other electrochemical energy storage devices. Each channel operates independently of each other enabling users to run tests on multiple devices at the same time.
The features of Advanced Measurement Technology INC, are (i) completely independent channels allow users to run multiple independent tests simultaneously without affecting the other channels, (ii) accuracy up to 0.02% for low power and 0.05% for high power applications, (iii) Potentiostatic/Galvanostatic stations fine-tuned for battery Research & Development, and (iv) High capacity current boosters (20A) are available to test the commercial supercapcitor devices.
Specifications
- Serial No: PMC CHS08A
- Dimensions (W xL xH, inch): 14 x30 x25
- Channels: 24 Nos.
- Current range: -2 A ~ 5nA
- Voltage Range: 0 V ~ 10 V
- Frequency range: 10 µHz- 7 MHz
Vacuum Induction Melting (VIM) Furnace
Make
Jointly developed by ARCI and Inductotherm India Pvt. Ltd
Features
- Melting capacity: 2-10 kg
- Temperature capability: ~1850 °C
- Working atmosphere: Vacuum (10-4 mbar)/ inert gas
- Casting mould with heating facility (500 °C)
- Alloy addition facility with controlled atmosphere
Fatigue testing Machine
1.Servo Electric Low Cycle Fatigue machine
Make
ITW India Private Limited - BISS Division, Bengaluru, India
Model
AC-01-0010
Features
- As per ASTM 606
- Capacity: 100 kN
- Frequency: 0.01 to 2 Hz
- Modes: stroke, load and strain control modes
- Temperature: up to 1000 0C on M8, M10 and M12 samples
2. Servo Hydraulic High Cycle Fatigue machine
Make
ITW India Private Limited - BISS Division, Bengaluru, India
Model
AC-01-0010
Features
- As per ASTM E466
- Capacity: 100 kN
- Frequency: 1 to 100 Hz
- Modes: stroke, load and strain control modes
- Temperature: up to 1000 0C on M8, M10 and M12 samples
- Tensile test as per ASTM E8M
- FCGR test (da/dN) as per ASTM E 647
- J1c test as per ASTM E1820
- K1c test as per ASTM E399
Helium gas Pycnometer
Make
POROTECH
Specifications
- Volume of the sample to be measured: up to 50 CC
Details
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Oxygen-Nitrogen Analyzer
Model and Make
ON - 900, Eltra, Germany
Specifications
- Oxygen is detected as CO2 in IR-cell
- Nitrogen is detected by a thermal-conductivity-cell
- Measured oxygen in the range 0 to 0.5 %,
- Measures nitrogen in the range 0 to 0.5 %
Details
Oxygen/Nitrogen system is a microprocessor based software driven instrument for wide range measurement of oxygen and nitrogen content of metals, ores, ceramics and other inorganic materials. It uses induction furnace for CO2/SO2 conversion. It works on the principle of infrared absorption of CO2 and SO2.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
High vacuum high temperature furnace
Model and Make
Hind Hi Vacuum Company Private Limited, Bengaluru, India
Specifications
- Molybdenum heating element and hearth; Hot zone size: 150 x 150 x 200 mm;
- Maximum operating temperature: 1200 degree C
Atmosphere
- Vacuum (10^-6 mbar), Argon and Nitrogen
System Details
This multi-purpose furnace has wide range of options to carry out heat treatment, powder sintering and annealing under high (10^-6 torr) vacuum and up to 1-3 psig positive pressure of argon and nitrogen atmospheres. The system can be operated at high temperature up to 1200 degree C.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Confocal Micro-Raman Spectrometer with Mapping Facility
Make
Witec
Model
WITec UHTS 600
Specifications
- Laser Sources: 532 nm and 633 nm
- Raman spectral imaging: acquisition of a complete Raman spectra at every image pixel
- Planar (x-y-direction) and depth scans (z-direction) with manual sample positioning
- Image stacks: 3D confocal Raman imaging
Details
The Confocal Raman Microscope contains a compact and flexible platform optimized for high-end spectroscopy applications and confocal Raman imaging consisting of a research grade optical microscope with 6x objective turret, video CCD camera, LED white-light source for Köhler illumination, manual sample positioning in x- and y-direction and fibre coupling.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
High vacuum high temperature Centorr furnace
Model and Make:
System VII, Centorr Vacuum Industries-USA
Specification:
Tungsten heating element and hearth; Hot zone size: 150mm x 150mm x 300mm; Maximum operating temperature: 2000 degree C; Operating
Atmosphere:
Vacuum (10^-6 Torr), Argon, Nitogen, Hydrogen (upto 1900 degree C); Quenching provision (forced gas quenching)
System details:
This multi-purpose furnace has wide range of options to carry out heat treatment, powder sintering and annealing under high (10^-6 torr) vacuum and up to 1-3 psig positive pressure of argon, nitrogen or hydrogen atmosphere. The system can be operated at high temperature up to 2000 degree C. The system is equipped with forced gas quenching setup for rapid cooling of the charge/sample(s) under inert gas within the furnace chamber after completion of the heat treatment. The system is fully automated with PLC control and has remote operation capability.
Center:
Center for Nanomaterials
Cryo mill
Model and make :
1-s laboratory cryo mill; Union Process
Specifications:
- Tank capacity: 7 lt
- Max Ball to powder ratio: 32:1
Details:
Used for synthesizing nanostructured materials at cryogenic temperature of -190 C.
Advantages :
- Reduced oxide contamination
- Fine grain structures
- No sticking of powder to the container. < li>Fine particles.
Centre:
Centre for Nanomaterials
RF Induction Plasma
Model & Make
60 kW; Tekna Plasma Systems, Canada
Specifications
- Power rating: 60 kW
- Electrode less process
- Precursor: Solid, liquid and gases
- Atmosphere: Oxidizing, reducing or inert as per requirement
- Plasmas generated through electromagnetic coupling of electrical energy in the discharge cavity
- Production rate: 0.5-1 kg/hour
Details
Nanopowders of pure metals (Al, Ni, Ti, Cu, Ag, W), oxides (Al2O3, ZrO2, TiO2, SiO2), carbides (SiC, B4C, TiC, WC) and nitrides (TiN, Si3N4, BN) etc can be produced in bulk quantities (several kilograms per hour).
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Inert Gas Atomizer
Model & Make
HERMIGA 100/10 VI, PSI, UK
Specifications
- Capacity (per batch): Typically 4kg of aluminium alloys, 10kg of iron, nickel and copper dependent on charge form.
- Temperature: 175oC
Details
The equipment is used to make spherical powders using inert gas atomization process in which the oxygen content is minimum (<100 ppm). Various metal/alloy powders based on aluminium, iron, silver, zinc, nickel, gold, magnesium, copper, palladium, beryllium, cobalt, tin, lead and others can be made using this equipment.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Zoz Simolyer Mill
Model & Make
CM-20, Zoz GmbH, Germany
Specifications
Capacity (per batch): 4 kg
Details
The equipment is used to carry out high energy milling of powders. As the mill imparts high kinetic energy to the powder through balls, the process takes short time there by eliminating contamination of the material being processed. The mill is used to produce nano-structured materials, non-equilibrium compositions and dispersion of oxides and carbon nano tubes in metals/alloys.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Micro Focus X-Ray Diffractometer
Model and Make
- RAPID-II-D/MAX MICROFOCUS X-ray Diffraction System (RIGAKU Corp., Japan)
Specifications
- Rigaku-MICROMAX 007 HF rotating anode (Cu and Cr target)
- 2D-curved image plate detector (size: 470 x 256mm)
- collimators: 10, 30, 50, 100, 300 and 800 mm diameter
- 2theta range: -47 to +163 degree
Details
This is the most versatile laboratory scale x-ray diffraction system. It is equipped with high intensity microfocus rotating anode x-ray source-Rigaku MicroMax 007HF, which has brightness close to a second generation synchrotron with x-ray flux of 1014 to 1015 x-ray photon/mm2/s at the focal point. The system also has a highly sensitive and large image plate based 2-dimensional (2D) detector, which ensures a full scan from -47 to +163 degree for 2theta in a single exposure of very small duration. It has both Cu and Cr target option with provision to bring the beam spot size down to 10 micron. The system can be operated in reflection, transmission and glancing incidence configuration. It can perform wide range of studies like phase analysis, texture, residual stress, trace phase detection (for phase fraction of 0.1% or less) in micro/macro-area apart from thin film analysis in the glancing incidence mode. In addition, it has a provision to perform fully automated area mapping using auto stage.
Multi Piston Hot Press
Model & Make
Redson make
Specifications
- No of pressure pistons : 3
- Capacity of each piston, T: 3 max.
- Number of stacks: 3
- Maximum diameter of the component, mm: 90
- Charge height with holding fixture, mm: 250
- Maximum Temperature, C : 1050
- muffle pressure, mbar : 500
- Charge stacking and loading arrangement: Semi-automatic
- Sintering atmosphere : Hydrogen, nitrogen
Details
The advantage of the above hot press is that it works on both laboratory scale as well as pilot level. The split hood deign of the muffle enables faster cooling and batch completion time. The pistons being independently operating allows different pressure conditions to be set simultaneously, facilitating less no. of cycles for different experimental conditions. The furnace has been designed such that power consumption is very minimal and can be operated with either 100 % hydrogen, or nitrogen flowing gases unlike conventional hot presses which are designed for either inert or vacuum. Thus metallic, cerametallic or even polymer based samples can be processed.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Battery Test Equipment
Model & Make
BT-2000, Arbin Instruments
Specifications
- Serial No: 166347
- Dimensions (W xL xH, inch): 14 x30 x25
- Channels: 20 Nos.
- Current range:
- Low: -100 µA ~ 100 µA
- Medium: -0.0005A ~ 0.0005A
- High: -0.005A ~0.005A
- Voltage Range: 0 V ~ 10 V
- Maximum Power: 0.05 W
Details
Arbin Instruments BT-2000 is a multi-channel testing system designed for R& D and production of batteries and other electrochemical energy storage devices. Each channel operates independently of each other enabling users to run tests on multiple batteries at the same time.
The features of Arbin Instruments BT-2000 are (i) completely independent channels allow users to run multiple independent tests simultaneously without affecting the other channels, (ii) accuracy up to 0.02% for low power and 0.05% for high power applications, (iii) Potentiostatic/Galvanostatic stations fine-tuned for battery Research & Development, and (iv) Up to three current ranges per station available for improved accuracy over a wide range of testing conditions.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Photoelectrochemical Characterization Unit Interfaced with Monochromator and Reactor
Model & Make
PARSTAT 2273 & EG&G Princeton Applied Research
Specifications
- 2A current max. (20 A booster)
- 100 V compliance
- 1.2 fA current resolution
- > 1013 input impedance
- < 5 pF of capacitance
- 10 µHz to 1 MHz built-in analyzer for impedance
Details
The characterization facility is meant for photoelectrochemical characterization of a photoactive semiconducting film as well as suspension. The dedicated setup is especially interfaced with the light sources and the monochromator, and has up-gradable provision for off-line and on-line gas detection during liquid/gas phase catalysis experiment. The state-of-art facility can be used for studying photoelectrode performance and estimate it's IPCE efficiency for gradation of electrode quality.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Gas Chromatography
Model & Make
GC 2010 PLUS ATF & SHIMADZU
Specifications
- TCD and FID detectors
- Split/split less injector
- GC Solution software
Details
The spectrometer is state-of-art facility mainly useful for hydrogen and oxygen and other gas detection desired during the analysis of (by-) products from catalytic experimentation. The dedicated system has TCD and FID detectors for possibility of analyzing gaseous as well as liquid samples.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Microwave Plasma Synthesis
Model & Make
Custom-made
Specifications
Ceramics such as carbides, nitrides, oxides and solid solutions with size ranging from 50-90 nm and with surface area in the range of 10-45 m2/g can be synthesized by the process
Details
In microwave plasma synthesis, the microwave produced by a magnetron are wave-guided to generate a plasma. The desired precursor is injected into the plasma, and decomposition of the precursor occurs to produce nanopowders. The particle size, morphology and phase formation can be controlled by changing process parameter like plasma forming gas, precursor, feed rate, carrier gas flow rate, additional gas flow rate and power of the magnetron. The precursor can be in solid, liquid or in gaseous form.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
ZOZ High Energy Milling Machine
Model & Make
Simolayer CM-08, Zoz GmbH, Germany
Specifications
Production capacity: 1 kg of nanostructured powders per batch
Details
A high energy horizontal ball mill, Simolayer CM-08, is set up on a joint project between ARCI and Zoz GmbH, Germany, for the production of nanostructured and high performance materials.. The materials being produced include nanostructured zinc flakes for anti-corrosion paints, nanostructured Zn-Al flakes for cold gas dynamic spraying applications, nanostructured Ag flakes for additives in soldering paste, oxide dispersion strengthened materials, hydrogen storage materials, etc.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
C-S Analyzer
Model & Make
CS - 444, LECO, USA
Specifications
- HF-400 induction furnace (18 MHz, 2,2 kW) for CO2/SO2 conversion
- Measured carbon in the range 0 to 0.5 %,
- Measures sulphur in the range 0 to 0.35 %
Details
Carbon/Sulphur system is a microprocessor based software driven instrument for wide range measurement of Carbon and Sulphur content of metals, ores, ceramics and other inorganic materials. It uses HF-400 induction furnace (18 MHz, 2,2 kW) for CO2/SO2 conversion. It works on the principle of infrared absorption of CO2 and SO2.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Solar Simulator
Model & Make
Oriel 91160-1000W; Newport
Specifications
- Collimater beam dimensions : 2 x 2 inch
- Power of Xenon Arc Lamp : 300W
Details
Solar Simulators provide the closest spectral match to solar spectra. The xenon arc lamp at the heart of the device emits a 5800k blackbody-like spectrum with occasional line structure. The system design features optical beam homogenization and filtering and finally collimation. The result is a continuous output with a solar-like spectrum in a uniform collimated beam. Beam collimation simulates the direct terrestrial beam and allows characterization of radiation induced phenomena. Able to run test whenever at a constant light intensity, without concern for weather conditions and time of day.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Break Down Voltage Tester (DC and AC)
Model & Make
Custom made
Specifications
- Voltage rating for AC: 0-10kV±0.02
- Current rating for AC: 0-100m±0.02
- Voltage rating for DC: 0-5kV±0.02
- Current rating for DC: 0-50m±0.02
Details
The system can be used to measure the resistivity of the materials by changing current and voltage.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Hydrogen Absorption/Desorption Kinetics Measurement Facility
Model & Make
Custom-made
Specifications
Kinetics can be studied in the temperature range of 30-350oC and pressure range of 0.01-70 bar
Details
The absorption/ desorption kinetics can be evaluated by monitoring the variation of pressure with time. The pressure sensors and thermocouples are connected to data logger and the data in continuously recorded during the measurement. This facility gives the hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics in case of the materials being tested at given temperature and pressure.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
UV-Visible Spectrophotometer
Model & Make
Perkin Elmer Lamda 650 UV/VIS spectrophotometer
Specifications
- Wavelength range: 175 to 900 nm
- Lamps: deuterium lamp and tungsten iodine lamp
- Fully PC controlled equipment
- Scanning speeds: 10-300 nm/min
Details:
UV visible spectroscopy enables the characterization of functional groups in a molecule as well as the determination of their concentration. It is widely applied in environment analysis, purity assessment and investigation of chemical reactions. The equipment is capable of measuring both solid (i.e. nano silver, TiO2, ZnO) and liquid samples (i.e nanopowder suspension)
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
BET Surface Analyzer
Model & Make
(11-2370)Gemini, Micromeritics, USA
Specifications
- Surface area determination limits : 0.1 m2 to >300 m2
- Sample quantity : Sample capacity is approximately 2.0 cm3
- Temperature : 10 to 350oC operating, 0 to 50oC non-operating
- Humidity : 20 to 80 % relative, non-condensing
- Gases : Optimized for nitrogen in a liquid nitrogen sample bath. Typically, oxygen, argon, butane, Methane and other light hydrocarbons.
Details
Surface area and porosity are important characteristics, capable of affecting the quality and utility of many materials. For this reason it is important to determine and control them accurately. BET theory of physical adsorption to form a monolayer of gas molecules on a solid surface is the basis for measurement of the specific surface area. The salient features are low surface area measurement capability up to 0.01 m2/gm with nitrogen, measurement of pore volume < 4.0 to 10-6cc/gm and higher, automatic free space correction unique twin tube design, data capability of single and multi point BET surface area.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Micro Raman Spectrometry
Model & Make
Horiba Jobin Yvon; Labram Micro Raman Spectrometer
Specifications
- Raman resolution - 0.36cm-1
- Spot size - 1 micron
- Raman range 50cm-1 to 4000cm-1
- Confocal microscope with objectives - 10X, 50X, 100X
- Multichannel TE air cooled CCD Detector
- Laser, Air cooled Argon 20mW, 514nm He-Ne, 633nm, 17mW
Details
Raman Spectrometery is complementary to FTIR. Raman can be used to analyse aqueous solutions since it does not suffer from the large water absorption effects found with FT techniques. Raman requires little or no sample preparation. Raman Spectroscopy actually originates from the bond vibrations. This intrinsic nano probing combined with micro raman spectroscopy makes it very sensitive to short range structure in the nano materials. Thus it is good complement to TEM or X-Ray Diffraction techniques. The advantage of No sample preparation required both for solid and liquid samples in Micro Raman Spectroscopy makes it an easy access to characterize nano materials. Micro Raman provides phase identification, even traces of secondary phase can be detected as the polarisibility changes for different kinds of bonds which is detected in the Raman intensity.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Spray Drier
Model & Make
Model PSD-00, Hemraj Enterprises
Specifications
Capacity of 2-5 kg/h of water evaporation.
Details
Spray drying is a widely applied method to dry aqueous or organic solutions or suspensions, emulsions to a solid powder to increase the apparent density of the powder, to increase flowbility and volume reduction. The aqueous slurry of the powder is fed through a nozzle to atomize in a hot chamber and subsequently dry it into granules. The size (10-60 µm) of the powder granules can be varied by changing feeding rate, slurry concentration, chamber temperature and nozzle type etc.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)
Model & Make
Omicron Nano Technology, UK
Details
The instrument has the capabilities of depth profiling by Ar ion etching, Imaging XPS, Auger photoelectron spectroscopy (static and scanning modes), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Sample heating (upto 100oC) and cooling (liq N2 temp.). The technique being surface sensitive, it is very useful to characterize nanomaterials including, powders and thin films.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Surface Area and Porosity Analyzer
Model & Make
ASAP 2020
Details
Surface area and porosity are two important physical properties of the nanopowders that can be measured by this method. The equipment works on gas absorption principle therefore, it is very effective tool to study the surface morphology of the materials. Surface area (as low as 0.05m2/g) can be measured. It can measure adsorption and desorption isotherms to determine the shape of pores. It is possible to carryout measurements using adsorbates such as N2, Ar, CO2 and Kr selectively and also capable of measuring Langmuir surface area and pore size distribution. Volume, area, total pore volume and pore size in the range 0.35 to 500nm can be determined.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Furnaces
Tubular furnaces:
1.Model and make
Therelek, Model 2248-4 kW
Specifications
- Operate in Ar and N2 atmosphere upto 1000°C
- Press has a day light of 800 mm with a table size of 750 mm x 750 mm.
2.In-house
5 kW rating
Specifications
- Operate in Ar and N2 atmosphere upto 1000°C
- Chamber size: 90 mm dia x 300 mm
3.Model and Make
Krishna Enterprise
Specifications
- Operate in Ar and N2 upto 800°C
- Chamber size: 40 mm dia x 100 mm
4.Model and Make
Therelek, Thane
Specifications
- Operate in Ar and N2 atmosphere upto 1100°C
- Chamber size: 110 mm dia x 500 mm
Chamber furnaces:
1.Model and Make
Okay 70015-10 kW, Bysakh
Specifications
- Operate in air upto 1600°C
- Chamber size: 300 mm3
2.Model and Make
Technico make
Specifications
- Operate in air upto 1000°C
- Chamber size: 200 mm3
Reduction furnaces:
1.Model and Make
Termolab, Retort-15 kW
Specifications
- Operate in H2 and N2 upto 1200°C
- Chamber size: 200 mm dia x 300 mm
Center
Center for Nanomaterials
Pulse Power Supply
Model & Make
DPR series (DuPR 10-3-6); Dynatronix INC, USA
Specifications
- Real Time Cycle Control
- Ampere Time Cycle Control
- Ampere Time Totalizer
- Error signals for over-temperature, locked fan rotor, output out-of-tolerance and power failure/brownout conditions
- Calibration capability through the control interface
- Straight DC or High Frequency Pulse Output (0-5000 Hz) Capability
- 0 - 10.0 volts average (DC) or peak (pulsed) voltage
- 0 - 3.0 amps average current (or maximum DC current)
- 0.3 - 6.0 amps peak (pulsed) current
Details
Fully-programmable power supply for DC, Pulse and Pulse Reverse electrodeposition and Electrochemical anodization
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Electrochemical Analyzer
Model & Make
PARSTAT 4000 A, AMETEK
Specifications
- Maximum current output: ± 4A
- Maximum voltage output: ± 10V
- Frequency range: 10 µHz to 10 MHz
- Voltage sweep rate: 1mV/s to 25 kV/s
Details
The electrochemical analyzer with a wide current and potential window is used for electrochemical processing and characterization of samples and devices by various modes such as:
- Voltammetry – Linear scan voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, staircase voltammetry, chronoamperometry, differential pulse voltammetry, etc.
- Corrosion – Linear polarization resistance (LPR), Potentiodynamic and potentiostatic, Galanodynamic and Galvanostatic corrosion, Tafel plot, etc.
- Impedance – Pontentiostatic and Galvanostatic EIS, Mott-Schottky analysis, etc.
- Energy – Charge-discharge analysis, Cycle stability, etc.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials
Digital Laboratory Hot Air Oven
Model & Make
UFE 700, Nabertherm GmbH, Germany
Specifications
- Memmert (UF160)
- Temperature range: 30-300 °C
- Dimensions: 560(w)*720(h)*400(d) mm
- Option: programmable temperature and duration
Details
Digital laboratory hot air oven is used for drying or curing of all sort of functional coatings / materials in a laboratory scale.
Centre
Centre for Nanomaterials